• Help needed to find a bright 5V LED wall light

    From No mail@21:1/5 to All on Mon May 19 17:54:31 2025
    This seems like a simple thing to find, but I've failed thus far.
    We have quite a long driveway so I want to build a gizzmo that sounds a
    beeper in the house for a period (30-60 seconds) when the gate is opened
    and then flashes a light until the gate is closed. The light needs to be
    bright and to look OK on the hall wall, ideally with enough space inside
    to contain a bit of circuitry and a piezo sounder. The gate switch and
    cabling are already in place. I'd prefer to power the thing from one of
    the many spare USB chargers that are in the drawers, hence the 5V spec.
    The electronics are trivial but I can't find a suitable light that I can
    flash (with a 555 astable). Any suggestions?

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  • From The Natural Philosopher@21:1/5 to No mail on Mon May 19 18:10:14 2025
    On 19/05/2025 17:54, No mail wrote:
    This seems like a simple thing to find, but I've failed thus far.
    We have quite a long driveway so I want to build a gizzmo that sounds a beeper in the house for a period (30-60 seconds) when the gate is opened
    and then flashes a light until the gate is closed. The light needs to be bright and to look OK on the hall wall, ideally with enough space inside
    to contain a bit of circuitry and a piezo sounder. The gate switch and cabling are already in place. I'd prefer to power the thing from one of
    the many spare USB chargers that are in the drawers, hence the 5V spec.
    The electronics are trivial but I can't find a suitable light that I can flash (with a 555 astable). Any suggestions?

    Is there a signal *in the hall* showing whether the gate is open or not
    Is there mains power for the light?

    All the light needs to be is a fairly large LED.

    You would be surprised how little power is 'noticeable' especially when flashing

    I would suggest getting a camper van light like

    https://www.amazon.co.uk/Obeaming-Switchable-Campervan-Replacement-Nightlight/dp/B0DHK8H22L/?th=1

    And running it off 5V instead of 12V. It wont be noticeably dimmer. You
    can mount everything inside


    --
    "And if the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch".

    Gospel of St. Mathew 15:14

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  • From alan_m@21:1/5 to No mail on Mon May 19 19:13:52 2025
    On 19/05/2025 17:54, No mail wrote:
    This seems like a simple thing to find, but I've failed thus far.
    We have quite a long driveway so I want to build a gizzmo that sounds a beeper in the house for a period (30-60 seconds) when the gate is opened
    and then flashes a light until the gate is closed. The light needs to be bright and to look OK on the hall wall, ideally with enough space inside
    to contain a bit of circuitry and a piezo sounder. The gate switch and cabling are already in place. I'd prefer to power the thing from one of
    the many spare USB chargers that are in the drawers, hence the 5V spec.
    The electronics are trivial but I can't find a suitable light that I can flash (with a 555 astable). Any suggestions?


    You can get LEDs with a built in IC that flash them at approx 1Hz to
    2Hz. They operate at around 3.5V and the current is set with a series
    resistor (from a 5V USB supply). A single LED is extremely bright and noticeable. I recommend selecting the resistor to give MUCH less than
    20mA which is specified to give the maximum output light. I also found
    a blue LED to be more noticeable.

    Random seller on Ebay for 1.5Hz version
    https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/284973690845

    I've previously used one to warn that the immersion heater has been left on.

    I had a mains to a USB A adapter which I took apart to reveal the very
    small module inside (made smaller by un-soldering the USB connector).
    This board, and the series resistor, was fitted in a standard plastic
    light switch 1 gang back box. A hole was drilled in a 1 gang blanking
    plate for the LED.
    In my case I just tapped off the immersion heater switch mains supply to
    turn the whole system on. In your case you could either switch the mains
    or the 5V supply.



    --
    mailto : news {at} admac {dot} myzen {dot} co {dot} uk

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  • From Paul@21:1/5 to No mail on Mon May 19 15:56:16 2025
    On Mon, 5/19/2025 12:54 PM, No mail wrote:
    This seems like a simple thing to find, but I've failed thus far.
    We have quite a long driveway so I want to build a gizzmo that sounds a beeper in the house for a period (30-60 seconds) when the gate is opened and then flashes a light until the gate is closed. The light needs to be bright and to look OK on the hall
    wall, ideally with enough space inside to contain a bit of circuitry and a piezo sounder. The gate switch and cabling are already in place. I'd prefer to power the thing from one of the many spare USB chargers that are in the drawers, hence the 5V spec.
    The electronics are trivial but I can't find a suitable light that I can flash (with a 555 astable). Any suggestions?

    LEDs have a forward voltage drop Vf. The LED will
    not light, unless at least Vf is applied to the legs.

    A red LED is 1.6V perhaps.

    A white LED (which is a blue LED plus a phosphor) is 2.5V (at 10mA).
    For the high current LEDs (350mA or 700mA) the voltage
    is closer to 3.5V on those.

    The 5V supply has sufficient voltage, to run one LED.

    You can see in the example, this budding designer is able to
    run some amount of loading with his ideas. You can make arrays of LEDs,
    equip each LED with a resistor, and drive a decent power source into
    the thing. I have two 4x12 arrays running at 10mA per LED, for 480mA total current (each one using about half a 5V 1A adapter).

    https://www.eleccircuit.com/ic-555-led-flasher/

    In the one circuit, he uses an NPN for high side drive.
    and a PNP for a low side drive. All based on the voltage
    seen on the Output pin of the 555. The 555 has limited current
    source and sink capability -- the external transistors are
    buffers to drive higher loads.

    The second circuit, with the transistors arranged as a Darlington
    on the output, the signal driving the Darlington tree is
    coming off the timing capacitor node. Maybe that is why there
    are three transistors in the Darlington structure, to lift
    the threshold voltage to turn on the incandescent light he happens
    to be using as a load.

    You can place a few components, after the NE555, to drive
    larger loads. You have to know a small amount about electronics,
    the biasing of transistors, to do some of those tricks
    (without smoking something and ruining it).

    *******

    You can use LEDs which are mounted on an alumina substrate for home projects. This takes care of the tricky detail of soldering things directly to the LED. Ordinary soldering can be done to the pads on the alumina substrate.

    https://www.kge.ca/en/product/lighting/22022-star-base-led-20mm-x-20-mm-3w-aluminium-pcb.html

    https://www.kge.ca/DATA/PRODUIT/22022~v~star-base-led-20mm-x-20-mm-3w-aluminium-pcb.pdf

    3.8V @ 750mA WW = warm white, thicker phosphor, 210 lumens
    W = blue white, thinner phosphor, 230 lumens

    At that power level, the star substrate gets hot, and should be fastened
    to a piece of scrap metal for cooling purposes.

    Using the smaller LEDs and making an array of LEDs, is a bit better with
    regard to cooling issues. But it also takes a lot of resistors (which are needed to control and limit current flow). Some suppliers of electronic compoents, charge 20x as much for resistors as other companies, so you
    don't buy your bulk leaded resistors from boutique stores that charge too much. $0.05 per resistor, $0.20 per small T1 3/4 LED, is enough expense.

    Super-high-power LEDs are not eye-safe, so use a diffuser to lessen
    the risk of eye damage.

    The above is not exactly a recipe-grade set of instructions. It's
    the beginning of an illustration how to proceed, but many details
    must be worked out. Your first circuit will have one tiny LED and
    the circuit will not draw a lot of power. You work your way up, scaling
    and testing as you go, until you learn how to assemble and drive larger
    loads (as a hobbyist).

    Paul

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  • From No mail@21:1/5 to Paul on Mon May 19 21:38:58 2025
    Paul wrote:
    On Mon, 5/19/2025 12:54 PM, No mail wrote:
    This seems like a simple thing to find, but I've failed thus far.
    We have quite a long driveway so I want to build a gizzmo that sounds a beeper in the house for a period (30-60 seconds) when the gate is opened and then flashes a light until the gate is closed. The light needs to be bright and to look OK on the hall
    wall, ideally with enough space inside to contain a bit of circuitry and a piezo sounder. The gate switch and cabling are already in place. I'd prefer to power the thing from one of the many spare USB chargers that are in the drawers, hence the 5V spec.
    The electronics are trivial but I can't find a suitable light that I can flash (with a 555 astable). Any suggestions?

    LEDs have a forward voltage drop Vf. The LED will
    not light, unless at least Vf is applied to the legs.

    A red LED is 1.6V perhaps.

    A white LED (which is a blue LED plus a phosphor) is 2.5V (at 10mA).
    For the high current LEDs (350mA or 700mA) the voltage
    is closer to 3.5V on those.

    The 5V supply has sufficient voltage, to run one LED.

    You can see in the example, this budding designer is able to
    run some amount of loading with his ideas. You can make arrays of LEDs,
    equip each LED with a resistor, and drive a decent power source into
    the thing. I have two 4x12 arrays running at 10mA per LED, for 480mA total current (each one using about half a 5V 1A adapter).

    https://www.eleccircuit.com/ic-555-led-flasher/

    In the one circuit, he uses an NPN for high side drive.
    and a PNP for a low side drive. All based on the voltage
    seen on the Output pin of the 555. The 555 has limited current
    source and sink capability -- the external transistors are
    buffers to drive higher loads.

    The second circuit, with the transistors arranged as a Darlington
    on the output, the signal driving the Darlington tree is
    coming off the timing capacitor node. Maybe that is why there
    are three transistors in the Darlington structure, to lift
    the threshold voltage to turn on the incandescent light he happens
    to be using as a load.

    You can place a few components, after the NE555, to drive
    larger loads. You have to know a small amount about electronics,
    the biasing of transistors, to do some of those tricks
    (without smoking something and ruining it).

    *******

    You can use LEDs which are mounted on an alumina substrate for home projects. This takes care of the tricky detail of soldering things directly to the LED. Ordinary soldering can be done to the pads on the alumina substrate.

    https://www.kge.ca/en/product/lighting/22022-star-base-led-20mm-x-20-mm-3w-aluminium-pcb.html

    https://www.kge.ca/DATA/PRODUIT/22022~v~star-base-led-20mm-x-20-mm-3w-aluminium-pcb.pdf

    3.8V @ 750mA WW = warm white, thicker phosphor, 210 lumens
    W = blue white, thinner phosphor, 230 lumens

    At that power level, the star substrate gets hot, and should be fastened
    to a piece of scrap metal for cooling purposes.

    Using the smaller LEDs and making an array of LEDs, is a bit better with regard to cooling issues. But it also takes a lot of resistors (which are needed to control and limit current flow). Some suppliers of electronic compoents, charge 20x as much for resistors as other companies, so you
    don't buy your bulk leaded resistors from boutique stores that charge too much.
    $0.05 per resistor, $0.20 per small T1 3/4 LED, is enough expense.

    Super-high-power LEDs are not eye-safe, so use a diffuser to lessen
    the risk of eye damage.

    The above is not exactly a recipe-grade set of instructions. It's
    the beginning of an illustration how to proceed, but many details
    must be worked out. Your first circuit will have one tiny LED and
    the circuit will not draw a lot of power. You work your way up, scaling
    and testing as you go, until you learn how to assemble and drive larger
    loads (as a hobbyist).

    Paul

    Thanks ... but I graduated in Electronic Engineering in the mid 70s. I
    was looking for something that looked acceptable to SWMBO when fixed on
    a wall.

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  • From No mail@21:1/5 to The Natural Philosopher on Mon May 19 21:40:01 2025
    The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 19/05/2025 17:54, No mail wrote:
    This seems like a simple thing to find, but I've failed thus far.
    We have quite a long driveway so I want to build a gizzmo that sounds
    a beeper in the house for a period (30-60 seconds) when the gate is
    opened and then flashes a light until the gate is closed. The light
    needs to be bright and to look OK on the hall wall, ideally with
    enough space inside to contain a bit of circuitry and a piezo sounder.
    The gate switch and cabling are already in place. I'd prefer to power
    the thing from one of the many spare USB chargers that are in the
    drawers, hence the 5V spec. The electronics are trivial but I can't
    find a suitable light that I can flash (with a 555 astable). Any
    suggestions?

    Is there a signal *in the hall* showing whether the gate is open or not
    Is there mains power for the light?

    All the light needs to be is a fairly large LED.

    You would be surprised how little power is 'noticeable' especially when flashing

    I would suggest getting a camper van light like

    https://www.amazon.co.uk/Obeaming-Switchable-Campervan-Replacement-Nightlight/dp/B0DHK8H22L/?th=1


    And running it off 5V instead of 12V.  It wont be noticeably dimmer. You
    can mount everything inside


    That's interesting, I hadn't thought of looking at campervan stuff. Thanks.

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  • From No mail@21:1/5 to All on Mon May 19 21:44:51 2025
    alan_m wrote:
    On 19/05/2025 17:54, No mail wrote:
    This seems like a simple thing to find, but I've failed thus far.
    We have quite a long driveway so I want to build a gizzmo that sounds
    a beeper in the house for a period (30-60 seconds) when the gate is
    opened and then flashes a light until the gate is closed. The light
    needs to be bright and to look OK on the hall wall, ideally with
    enough space inside to contain a bit of circuitry and a piezo sounder.
    The gate switch and cabling are already in place. I'd prefer to power
    the thing from one of the many spare USB chargers that are in the
    drawers, hence the 5V spec. The electronics are trivial but I can't
    find a suitable light that I can flash (with a 555 astable). Any
    suggestions?


    You can get LEDs with a built in IC that flash them at approx 1Hz to
    2Hz. They operate at around 3.5V and the current is set with a series resistor (from a 5V USB supply).  A single LED is extremely bright and noticeable. I recommend selecting the resistor to give MUCH less than
    20mA which is specified to give the maximum output light.  I also found
    a blue LED to be more noticeable.

    Random seller on Ebay for 1.5Hz version https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/284973690845

    I've previously used one to warn that the immersion heater has been left
    on.

    I had a mains to a USB A adapter which I took apart to reveal the very
    small module inside (made smaller by un-soldering the USB connector).
    This board, and the series resistor, was fitted in a standard plastic
    light switch 1 gang back box.  A hole was drilled in a 1 gang blanking
    plate for the LED.
    In my case I just tapped off the immersion heater switch mains supply to
    turn the whole system on. In your case you could either switch the mains
    or the 5V supply.



    Thanks, but I want to be able control frequency and duty cycle, hence
    using a 555 (plus I have several in the "bits" rack).
    If I'd thought of this before decorating then it would have made sense
    to sink a back box and drill a blank plate, but making holes in that
    area is "not allowed". Hence the search for something surface mount that
    looks "nice" to female eyes.

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  • From alan_m@21:1/5 to All on Mon May 19 21:40:46 2025
    On 19/05/2025 19:13, alan_m wrote:

    You can get LEDs with a built in IC that flash them at approx 1Hz to
    2Hz.

    See
    https://youtu.be/7f8jgvvJe-Q?t=170


    --
    mailto : news {at} admac {dot} myzen {dot} co {dot} uk

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  • From Paul@21:1/5 to No mail on Mon May 19 17:25:45 2025
    On Mon, 5/19/2025 4:38 PM, No mail wrote:


    Thanks ... but I graduated in Electronic Engineering in the mid 70s.
    I was looking for something that looked acceptable to SWMBO when fixed on a wall.

    The LED lighting industry, has their own ideas of how luminaires should work. That's why the applied voltage choices, might not be ones you are interested in.

    There was a section of the legacy lighting industry, that ran small devices
    at 12V. And that is likely why there are still designs today that run at 12V.

    There are a lot of 19V DC adapters for laptops that would be a natural
    for operating a light source. Yet, you don't see a lot of activity like that
    in LED arrays.

    Some of the one inch square light sources, they run at around 40V or so.
    And some individual made a comment once (with no justification), that
    somewhere around 90 VDC would be a good choice (maybe this is the output
    of an SMPS in the design).

    But as for guessing what the industry would or should use, I don't have
    any reliable crystal ball predictions of what the designers will gravitate to.

    All we've got then, is a chance that an item may be available at 12V.

    Making one for 5V, is easily do-able by hobbyists, and I don't
    consider that part of the project to be tough. The last LEDs I bought,
    small ones, were 100 LEDs for $20, and the packaging (the PCB) for
    mounting the LEDs, and other odds and ends, cost a lot more for the
    project than the LEDs did. This is why, hobbyist projects quite easily
    go over budget.

    The luminaires are made for consumers. who either want to wire the device directly to mains (all in one solution), or, there is an adapter provided
    with the kit which is consistent with the design voltage. The hobbyist
    market is quite small by comparison. They make colour LED arrays for
    hobby display purposes, and the people who make those, have lost their
    shirts on the effort (hard to get rid of stock, if you run off even
    one batch of those). That's part of the reason there isn't a thriving
    market driven by hobby voltages. Not enough buyers of the material.

    If you could find a luminaire with its own wall adapter, you
    should be able to run your NE555 circuit off a voltage derived from
    that source, and switch the light on and off as desired. This is
    why I was looking at relatively low voltage lights, like <35V, as
    it's easier to dream up interface circuits that will work at those
    voltages.

    While 5V circuit design will definitely work, you are likely to be
    designing the whole thing for yourself. I don't consider that
    a problem. I made my own kitchen LED lighting from scratch (star LEDs),
    and my own bicycle light (front and back array lights), so I've done
    this kind of work before. I can't recommend it from a "cheapness"
    perspective. It doesn't save money to do that. But I am getting
    my 25,000 hours from the kitchen light. It hasn't blown like the
    commercial "light bulbs" do. The kitchen light happens to run off 12V,
    but that's just what I had handy as an adapter to power it.

    Paul

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  • From Joe@21:1/5 to No mail on Tue May 20 17:18:29 2025
    On Mon, 19 May 2025 21:38:58 +0100
    No mail <[email protected]> wrote:



    Thanks ... but I graduated in Electronic Engineering in the mid 70s.
    I was looking for something that looked acceptable to SWMBO when
    fixed on a wall.

    I'd say the way to go would be to find something that looks OK e.g. a
    round battery cabinet light that will be big enough to modify. I have
    three nightlights which are not wall mounting so wouldn't be of use
    here, in which I reduced the brightness and increased the light
    detection sensitivity by resistor changes, and there's plenty of room
    inside for some small more complex PCB. Most will use two or three AA
    cells, so removing them will give a bit more space.

    What you won't find is one with a built-in beeper, but generally piezo
    sounders are loud enough to be heard through a plastic case, and if
    not, an unobtrusive hole at the side or bottom would solve that.

    Something that may be of use here or elsewhere is the flexible LED
    striplight which is cheap and easily available. It generally has sets
    of three LEDs in series fed from 12V, which can be modified by careful
    track cutting and different resistors to run on 5V. I have a strip of
    two groups rewired to run on 5V to plug into a USB socket and light my
    keyboard on Summer evenings, when I want doors and windows open but
    without the room lights on to attract insects. Actually, now there
    seems to be 5V strips available.

    --
    Joe

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  • From Sam Plusnet@21:1/5 to No mail on Tue May 20 19:19:53 2025
    On 19/05/2025 21:38, No mail wrote:
    Paul wrote:
    On Mon, 5/19/2025 12:54 PM, No mail wrote:
    This seems like a simple thing to find, but I've failed thus far.
    We have quite a long driveway so I want to build a gizzmo that sounds
    a beeper in the house for a period (30-60 seconds) when the gate is
    opened and then flashes a light until the gate is closed. The light
    needs to be bright and to look OK on the hall wall, ideally with
    enough space inside to contain a bit of circuitry and a piezo
    sounder. The gate switch and cabling are already in place. I'd prefer
    to power the thing from one of the many spare USB chargers that are
    in the drawers, hence the 5V spec. The electronics are trivial but I
    can't find a suitable light that I can flash (with a 555 astable).
    Any suggestions?

    LEDs have a forward voltage drop Vf. The LED will
    not light, unless at least Vf is applied to the legs.

    A red LED is 1.6V perhaps.

    A white LED (which is a blue LED plus a phosphor) is 2.5V (at 10mA).
    For the high current LEDs (350mA or 700mA) the voltage
    is closer to 3.5V on those.

    The 5V supply has sufficient voltage, to run one LED.

    You can see in the example, this budding designer is able to
    run some amount of loading with his ideas. You can make arrays of LEDs,
    equip each LED with a resistor, and drive a decent power source into
    the thing. I have two 4x12 arrays running at 10mA per LED, for 480mA
    total
    current (each one using about half a 5V 1A adapter).

        https://www.eleccircuit.com/ic-555-led-flasher/

    In the one circuit, he uses an NPN for high side drive.
    and a PNP for a low side drive. All based on the voltage
    seen on the Output pin of the 555. The 555 has limited current
    source and sink capability -- the external transistors are
    buffers to drive higher loads.

    The second circuit, with the transistors arranged as a Darlington
    on the output, the signal driving the Darlington tree is
    coming off the timing capacitor node. Maybe that is why there
    are three transistors in the Darlington structure, to lift
    the threshold voltage to turn on the incandescent light he happens
    to be using as a load.

    You can place a few components, after the NE555, to drive
    larger loads. You have to know a small amount about electronics,
    the biasing of transistors, to do some of those tricks
    (without smoking something and ruining it).

    *******

    You can use LEDs which are mounted on an alumina substrate for home
    projects.
    This takes care of the tricky detail of soldering things directly to
    the LED.
    Ordinary soldering can be done to the pads on the alumina substrate.

    https://www.kge.ca/en/product/lighting/22022-star-base-led-20mm-x-20-
    mm-3w-aluminium-pcb.html

        https://www.kge.ca/DATA/PRODUIT/22022~v~star-base-led-20mm-x-20-
    mm-3w-aluminium-pcb.pdf

           3.8V @ 750mA   WW = warm white, thicker phosphor, 210 lumens >>                       W  = blue white, thinner phosphor, 230 lumens

    At that power level, the star substrate gets hot, and should be fastened
    to a piece of scrap metal for cooling purposes.

    Using the smaller LEDs and making an array of LEDs, is a bit better with
    regard to cooling issues. But it also takes a lot of resistors (which are
    needed to control and limit current flow). Some suppliers of electronic
    compoents, charge 20x as much for resistors as other companies, so you
    don't buy your bulk leaded resistors from boutique stores that charge
    too much.
    $0.05 per resistor, $0.20 per small T1 3/4 LED, is enough expense.

    Super-high-power LEDs are not eye-safe, so use a diffuser to lessen
    the risk of eye damage.

    The above is not exactly a recipe-grade set of instructions. It's
    the beginning of an illustration how to proceed, but many details
    must be worked out. Your first circuit will have one tiny LED and
    the circuit will not draw a lot of power. You work your way up, scaling
    and testing as you go, until you learn how to assemble and drive larger
    loads (as a hobbyist).

        Paul

    Thanks ... but I graduated in Electronic Engineering in the mid 70s. I
    was looking for something that looked acceptable to SWMBO when fixed on
    a wall.

    The amusing part is that recommended 555 timer pre-dates you.
    First marketed by Signetics in 1972.
    I remember them being all new and shiny.

    --
    Sam Plusnet

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  • From The Natural Philosopher@21:1/5 to Sam Plusnet on Wed May 21 10:30:59 2025
    On 20/05/2025 19:19, Sam Plusnet wrote:
    On 19/05/2025 21:38, No mail wrote:
    Paul wrote:
    On Mon, 5/19/2025 12:54 PM, No mail wrote:
    This seems like a simple thing to find, but I've failed thus far.
    We have quite a long driveway so I want to build a gizzmo that
    sounds a beeper in the house for a period (30-60 seconds) when the
    gate is opened and then flashes a light until the gate is closed.
    The light needs to be bright and to look OK on the hall wall,
    ideally with enough space inside to contain a bit of circuitry and a
    piezo sounder. The gate switch and cabling are already in place. I'd
    prefer to power the thing from one of the many spare USB chargers
    that are in the drawers, hence the 5V spec. The electronics are
    trivial but I can't find a suitable light that I can flash (with a
    555 astable). Any suggestions?

    LEDs have a forward voltage drop Vf. The LED will
    not light, unless at least Vf is applied to the legs.

    A red LED is 1.6V perhaps.

    A white LED (which is a blue LED plus a phosphor) is 2.5V (at 10mA).
    For the high current LEDs (350mA or 700mA) the voltage
    is closer to 3.5V on those.

    The 5V supply has sufficient voltage, to run one LED.

    You can see in the example, this budding designer is able to
    run some amount of loading with his ideas. You can make arrays of LEDs,
    equip each LED with a resistor, and drive a decent power source into
    the thing. I have two 4x12 arrays running at 10mA per LED, for 480mA
    total
    current (each one using about half a 5V 1A adapter).

        https://www.eleccircuit.com/ic-555-led-flasher/

    In the one circuit, he uses an NPN for high side drive.
    and a PNP for a low side drive. All based on the voltage
    seen on the Output pin of the 555. The 555 has limited current
    source and sink capability -- the external transistors are
    buffers to drive higher loads.

    The second circuit, with the transistors arranged as a Darlington
    on the output, the signal driving the Darlington tree is
    coming off the timing capacitor node. Maybe that is why there
    are three transistors in the Darlington structure, to lift
    the threshold voltage to turn on the incandescent light he happens
    to be using as a load.

    You can place a few components, after the NE555, to drive
    larger loads. You have to know a small amount about electronics,
    the biasing of transistors, to do some of those tricks
    (without smoking something and ruining it).

    *******

    You can use LEDs which are mounted on an alumina substrate for home
    projects.
    This takes care of the tricky detail of soldering things directly to
    the LED.
    Ordinary soldering can be done to the pads on the alumina substrate.

    https://www.kge.ca/en/product/lighting/22022-star-base-led-20mm-x-20-
    mm-3w-aluminium-pcb.html

        https://www.kge.ca/DATA/PRODUIT/22022~v~star-base-led-20mm-x-20-
    mm-3w-aluminium-pcb.pdf

           3.8V @ 750mA   WW = warm white, thicker phosphor, 210 lumens >>>                       W  = blue white, thinner phosphor, 230 lumens

    At that power level, the star substrate gets hot, and should be fastened >>> to a piece of scrap metal for cooling purposes.

    Using the smaller LEDs and making an array of LEDs, is a bit better with >>> regard to cooling issues. But it also takes a lot of resistors (which
    are
    needed to control and limit current flow). Some suppliers of electronic
    compoents, charge 20x as much for resistors as other companies, so you
    don't buy your bulk leaded resistors from boutique stores that charge
    too much.
    $0.05 per resistor, $0.20 per small T1 3/4 LED, is enough expense.

    Super-high-power LEDs are not eye-safe, so use a diffuser to lessen
    the risk of eye damage.

    The above is not exactly a recipe-grade set of instructions. It's
    the beginning of an illustration how to proceed, but many details
    must be worked out. Your first circuit will have one tiny LED and
    the circuit will not draw a lot of power. You work your way up, scaling
    and testing as you go, until you learn how to assemble and drive larger
    loads (as a hobbyist).

        Paul

    Thanks ... but I graduated in Electronic Engineering in the mid 70s. I
    was looking for something that looked acceptable to SWMBO when fixed
    on a wall.

    The amusing part is that recommended 555 timer pre-dates you.
    First marketed by Signetics in 1972.
    I remember them being all new and shiny.

    I have never ever used a 555.

    They are actually just as expensive as e.g an RP2040 Zero, so far down
    the pan have Raspberry PI prices gone from China.

    That is what I would use.

    --
    It’s easier to fool people than to convince them that they have been fooled. Mark Twain

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  • From Bernard Peek@21:1/5 to Joe on Wed May 21 16:09:26 2025
    On 2025-05-20, Joe <[email protected]> wrote:


    Something that may be of use here or elsewhere is the flexible LED
    striplight which is cheap and easily available. It generally has sets
    of three LEDs in series fed from 12V, which can be modified by careful
    track cutting and different resistors to run on 5V.

    If any of those USB chargers are USB C type then they might not be limited
    to 5v and even so a 5V to 12V buck converter module can be found for
    pennies.

    My current LED project was made easier by finding a couple of chunky 40v
    power bricks in a charity shop. Those were unusual but 20V bricks are pretty common and lots of people have old laptops with them.




    --
    Bernard Peek
    [email protected]
    Wigan

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  • From Joe@21:1/5 to Bernard Peek on Wed May 21 18:14:57 2025
    On 21 May 2025 16:09:26 GMT
    Bernard Peek <[email protected]> wrote:

    On 2025-05-20, Joe <[email protected]> wrote:


    Something that may be of use here or elsewhere is the flexible LED striplight which is cheap and easily available. It generally has
    sets of three LEDs in series fed from 12V, which can be modified by
    careful track cutting and different resistors to run on 5V.

    If any of those USB chargers are USB C type then they might not be
    limited to 5v and even so a 5V to 12V buck converter module can be
    found for pennies.

    The USB supply is a USB-A on a computer. I'm willing to bet that will
    stick to 5V.

    --
    Joe

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  • From Bernard Peek@21:1/5 to Joe on Thu May 22 08:32:28 2025
    On 2025-05-21, Joe <[email protected]> wrote:
    On 21 May 2025 16:09:26 GMT
    Bernard Peek <[email protected]> wrote:

    On 2025-05-20, Joe <[email protected]> wrote:


    Something that may be of use here or elsewhere is the flexible LED
    striplight which is cheap and easily available. It generally has
    sets of three LEDs in series fed from 12V, which can be modified by
    careful track cutting and different resistors to run on 5V.

    If any of those USB chargers are USB C type then they might not be
    limited to 5v and even so a 5V to 12V buck converter module can be
    found for pennies.

    The USB supply is a USB-A on a computer. I'm willing to bet that will
    stick to 5V.

    If it's USB2 or 3.0 then definitely. If it's USB 3.1 or later then up to 48V.

    --
    Bernard Peek
    [email protected]
    Wigan

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