The Universe Is Not A Sphere

So, parallel lines on its surface do not meet.
That would not make the space within it curve even if it were.

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Riemann was a brilliant geometer who made the elementary error of
reifying space by claiming parallel lines could meet. Schwarzschild and Einstein carried through with that mistake, making people believe it was intelligent.

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Mr. Hertz: "While many astronomers believed the material universe to be
roughly identical to the Milky Way, Arrhenius based his cosmology on
what would later be called the perfect cosmological principle, the
postulate that the largescale appearance of the universe is the same at
any location and at any time. Arrhenius, who took Euclidean space to be self-evident, concluded that the law of entropy growth did not apply on
a cosmic scale. By invoking radiation pressure and various energy
transfer processes between stars and nebulae he suggested that the
universe would never run down in the thermodynamic sense [Kragh 2013].
However, according to Poincaré’s detailed analysis in Hypothèses cosmogoniques [Poincaré 1911, 239–256], [Rhee 2018, 391–405], what he called “Arrhenius’ demon” might only retard the universal heat death, perhaps for an exceedingly long time, but it could never escape it.7 Schwarzschild [1913] agreed with Poincaré that Arrhenius’ demon would
not work as promised and after the criticism of the two distinguished scientists, Arrhenius’ cosmological hypothesis was essentially abandoned
by astronomers and physicists."
-"Poincaré and Cosmic Space: Curved or not?"

This is an example of giving too much ground to one's opponent and of
the consensus making a stupid mistake. Arrhenius did not need a
mechanism to prevent entropy because entropy does not apply to an open
system such as an infinite universe. That is why they wanted to presume
a finite universe.

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Ross: Another pointless comment.

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On 2024-11-12 21:35:12 +0000, LaurenceClarkCrossen said:

The Universe Is Not A Sphere

So it seems. However, the part of the Universe we can see looks,
except for minor irregularities, very similar to a small part of
a large sphere. But so does a small part of an Euclidean space.

So, parallel lines on its surface do not meet.

The path of a photon is a special kind of straight line. Light from
certain quasars (e.g. SBS 0957+561) come to us over two paths so that
the same qasars can be seen in two directions. This shows that two
stright lines can cross twice. Somewhere between the two crossings
they look parallel.

--
Mikko

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W dniu 13.11.2024 o 11:19, Mikko pisze:

On 2024-11-12 21:35:12 +0000, LaurenceClarkCrossen said:

The Universe Is Not A Sphere

So it seems. However, the part of the Universe we can see looks,
except for minor irregularities, very similar to a small part of
a large sphere. But so does a small part of an Euclidean space.

So, parallel lines on its surface do not meet.

The path of a photon is a special kind of straight line. Light from
certain quasars (e.g. SBS 0957+561) come to us over two paths so that
the same qasars can be seen in two directions. This shows that two
stright lines can cross twice.

Poincare has been explaining how absurd
such "logic" is - even before it happened.
And, of course, even relativistic idiots
are not stupid enough to stick to it for
real. In most cases of their moronic mumble
photon's paths are bent.

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Mikko: Straight lines can cross but not parallel lines. Lensing involves curving of the path of light according to science. If relativity tells
you otherwise, you have been deceived.

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Mikko: "Minkowski-Einstein spacetime: insight from the Pythagorean
theorem" Crothers= "ABSTRACT
The Pythagorean Theorem, combined with the analytic geometry of a right circular cone, has been used by H. Minkowski and subsequent
investigators to establish the 4-dimensional spacetime continuum
associated with A. Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity. Although the mathematics appears sound, the incorporation of a hyper-cone
into the analytic geometry of a right triangle in Euclidean 3-space is
in conflict with the rules of pure mathematics. A metric space of n
dimensions is necessarily defined in terms of n independent coordinates,
one for each dimension. Any coordinate that is a combination of the
others for a given space is not independent so cannot be an
independent dimension. Minkowski-Einstein spacetime contains a
dimensional coordinate, via the speed of light, that is not independent. Consequently, Minkowski-Einstein spacetime does not exist."

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Mikko: "Is Spacetime Really a Four-Dimensional Continuum?"
Stephen J. Crothers
"Time is measured in time units T, such as seconds, hours, or years.
Distance between two places is measured in length units L, such as
metres, yards, or miles. Consequently t cannot be added to any x, y, z,
because t has time units T whereas x, y and z have length units L.
Similarly t2 cannot be added to or subtracted from x2, y2, or z2, or vice-versa....... The act of treating ct as an independent coordinate or independent 'dimension' does not make it either.
Since ct is not an independent coordinate, spacetime is not a
four-dimensional continuum...... Spacetime is a fallacy [1, Appendix G].
The Theory of Relativity
employs Riemannian Geometry. In Riemannian Geometry, “Any n independent variables xi, where i takes values 1 to n, may be thought of as the coördinates of an n-dimensional space Vn in the sense that each set of
values of the variables defines a point of Vn.” Eisenhart [2]
The term ct is no more an independent coordinate than is xy/z, or x2/y,
or (x2 + y2 + z2)/x, all of which have the units of length L."

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On 2024-11-13 21:08:34 +0000, LaurenceClarkCrossen said:

Mikko: Straight lines can cross but not parallel lines. Lensing involves curving of the path of light according to science. If relativity tells
you otherwise, you have been deceived.

In every situation were it has been examined light in vacuum travels
along a straght line in space time. The spatial projection of that
line can be curved.

--
Mikko

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W dniu 14.11.2024 o 10:42, Mikko pisze:

In every situation were it has been examined light in vacuum travels
along a straght line in space time.

Even the idiots from your bunch of idiots,
however, are not stupid enough to stick to
that absurd for real
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_lens
and the light is bent for them.

Poincare has been explaining that such stance is
better than non-euclidean idiocies and while
you're denying that for religious reasons you're
still applying it for practical reasons.

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What is infinite can have no shape. Beyond shape is the infinite.

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Ross Finlayson <[email protected]> wrote:

On 11/12/2024 02:57 PM, LaurenceClarkCrossen wrote:

Riemann was a brilliant geometer who made the elementary error of
reifying space by claiming parallel lines could meet. Schwarzschild and Einstein carried through with that mistake, making people believe it was intelligent.

Art students know there's a point at infinity.

A whole line at infinity of them, even,

Jan

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Am Sonntag000024, 24.11.2024 um 19:16 schrieb Ross Finlayson:

On 11/24/2024 12:53 AM, J. J. Lodder wrote:

Ross Finlayson <[email protected]> wrote:

On 11/12/2024 02:57 PM, LaurenceClarkCrossen wrote:

Riemann was a brilliant geometer who made the elementary error of
reifying space by claiming parallel lines could meet. Schwarzschild and >>>> Einstein carried through with that mistake, making people believe it
was
intelligent.

Art students know there's a point at infinity.

'at' and 'point' mean essentially the same thing.

But it is, of course, wrong to assign a point to infinity, because
infinity is not a point and it is impossible to be there (hence there is
no 'at').

A whole line at infinity of them, even,

Jan

One idea about the quadrant is to shrink it to a box,

It is also impossible to shrink infinity in any way, because infinity
will remain infinitely large, even after significant shrinking.

given that the ray from origin (in a Cartesian space)
in x = y is an "identity dimension" and rather "original"
itself, then that the hyperbola, xy = 1 andx = 1/y and y = 1/x,
its corner, is parameterized to go out the identity line
and result in the limit connecting (0, \infty) and (\infty, 0).

inf = 1/0

hence

inf * 0 =1

hence

0/inf = 1/inf²

;-)

but infinity is also not a number!


TH
...

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LaurenceClarkCrossen <[email protected]> wrote:

Riemann was a brilliant geometer who made the elementary error of
reifying space by claiming parallel lines could meet. Schwarzschild and Einstein carried through with that mistake, making people believe it was intelligent.

Dear Genius,
Could you please prove his hypothesis for us,
when you are finished putting him down?

Jan

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