About Ciphers
by Makhnovets, Vladimir Petrovich, 1875-1921

https://archive.org/details/o_shifrakh/mode/2up

Publication date 1902
Usage Public Domain

<translation quote>

The author's real name is Vladimir Petrovich Makhnovets (1875-1921) - a social democrat, in exile since 1898, leader of the right wing of the Union of Russian Social Democrats. This pamphlet was the first of its kind to teach encryption techniques to
young revolutionaries. In addition to this brochure, Makhnovets also authored the work “How to Conduct Yourself During Interrogations.” At the end of the brochure, the place of writing is indicated in Prison, but at that time the author was in exile.
It is also possible that the brochure was actually published later, in 1903 (see A.V. Sinelnikov “Ciphers and Revolutionaries of Russia”).

</translation quote>

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