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  • Isothermal Heat Engines Violate the Second Law of Thermodynamics

    From Pentcho Valev@21:1/5 to All on Sat Nov 13 04:42:45 2021
    Misleading education:

    "A necessary component of a heat engine...is that two temperatures are involved" http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/py105/Heatengines.html

    The truth: One-temperature (isothermal) heat engines are commonplace - e.g. pH-sensitive polymers can do work, at the expense of ambient heat, as they swell or contract. No "two temperatures" involved:

    https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paul-Topham/publication/47426820/figure/fig1/AS:307404580376582@1450302371395/Illustration-of-a-volume-transition-in-a-cross-linked-polybase-network-triggered-by-a-pH.png

    By adding and removing hydrogen ions (H+) one can cyclically extract work from pH-sensitive polymers - see Fig. 4 on p. 15 here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1367611/pdf/biophysj00645-0017.pdf

    Adding and removing H+, per se, consumes no work if done QUASISTATICALLY. This means that the work lost e.g. in adding is compensated by the work gained in removing, and the net work involved is zero. So lifting weights is the net work in the whole
    process. The second law of thermodynamics is clearly violated.

    See more here: https://twitter.com/pentcho_valev

    Pentcho Valev

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