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  • We're only +-85 ka independent from aquatic foods

    From [email protected]@21:1/5 to All on Sun Nov 13 08:20:49 2022
    Adaptive Evolution of the FADS Gene Cluster within Africa
    Rasika A Mathias cs 2012 PLoS One doi 10.1371/journal.pone.0044926

    Long-chain poly-unsaturated fatty acids LC-PUFAs are essential for brain structure, development & function: adequate dietary quantities of LC-PUFAs are thought to have been necessary for
    - brain expansion,
    - the increase in brain complexity observed during modern human evolution. Previous studies conducted in largely European populations suggest:
    humans have limited capacity to synthesize brain LC-PUFAs (e.g. docosahexaenoic acid DHA) from plant-based medium-chain MC-PUFAs, due to limited desaturase activity.
    Population-based differences in LC-PUFA levels & their product-to-substrate ratios can, in part, be explained by polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase FADS gene cluster (ass.x increased conversion of MC-PUFAs to LC-PUFAs).
    Here we show evidence:
    these high-efficiency converter alleles in the FADS gene cluster were likely driven to near-fixation in African populations by positive selection ∼85 ka.
    We hypothesize:
    selection at FADS variants (which increase LC-PUFA synthesis from plant-based MC-PUFAs) allowed African populations, obligatorily tethered to marine sources for LC-PUFAs in isolated geographic regions, to rapidly expand throughout Africa 60–80 ka.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From [email protected]@21:1/5 to I should have on Sun Nov 13 08:24:46 2022
    Op zondag 13 november 2022 om 17:20:50 UTC+1 schreef [email protected]:

    I should have said: "+-independent from aquatic foods": neandertals have larger brains than we have.

    Adaptive Evolution of the FADS Gene Cluster within Africa
    Rasika A Mathias cs 2012 PLoS One doi 10.1371/journal.pone.0044926

    Long-chain poly-unsaturated fatty acids LC-PUFAs are essential for brain structure, development & function: adequate dietary quantities of LC-PUFAs are thought to have been necessary for
    - brain expansion,
    - the increase in brain complexity observed during modern human evolution. Previous studies conducted in largely European populations suggest:
    humans have limited capacity to synthesize brain LC-PUFAs (e.g. docosahexaenoic acid DHA) from plant-based medium-chain MC-PUFAs, due to limited desaturase activity.
    Population-based differences in LC-PUFA levels & their product-to-substrate ratios can, in part, be explained by polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase FADS gene cluster (ass.x increased conversion of MC-PUFAs to LC-PUFAs).
    Here we show evidence:
    these high-efficiency converter alleles in the FADS gene cluster were likely driven to near-fixation in African populations by positive selection ∼85 ka.
    We hypothesize:
    selection at FADS variants (which increase LC-PUFA synthesis from plant-based MC-PUFAs) allowed African populations, obligatorily tethered to marine sources for LC-PUFAs in isolated geographic regions, to rapidly expand throughout Africa 60–80 ka.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Pandora@21:1/5 to [email protected] on Mon Nov 14 16:57:49 2022
    On Sun, 13 Nov 2022 08:24:46 -0800 (PST), "[email protected]" <[email protected]> wrote:

    Op zondag 13 november 2022 om 17:20:50 UTC+1 schreef [email protected]:

    I should have said: "+-independent from aquatic foods": neandertals have larger brains than we have.

    So, the Kow Swamp Homo sapiens from Australia, at 9.5 to 13 ka much
    younger than 85 ka, would have been "+-independent from aquatic
    foods", and yet in certain aspects (e.g. cranial thickness) were just
    as "pachyosteosclerotic" as Homo erectus.
    So, the implication is that it had nothing to do with diving all day.

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  • From [email protected]@21:1/5 to All on Mon Nov 14 12:55:10 2022
    Op maandag 14 november 2022 om 16:57:51 UTC+1 schreef Pandora:

    I should have said: "+-independent from aquatic foods": neandertals have larger brains than we have.

    So, the Kow Swamp Homo sapiens from Australia, at 9.5 to 13 ka much
    younger than 85 ka, would have been "+-independent from aquatic
    foods" ...

    No, no, my little little boy.
    Are you really that stupid??
    Do you descend from Kow Swamp??
    Of course, these people dived frequently!

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