Hello,

I have a computer with the following specs:

Motherboard: ASRock QC5000M Micro ATX
RAM: 8 GB DDR3
A cheap working 128 GB SSD available in the store
Integrated AMD Radeon HD 8330 Graphics
Power supply: Seasonic Ssp-350St2 Bulk 350W, Pc Power Supply (SSP350ST2)
AMD FT3 Kabini A4-5050/5000 Quad-Core APU

I want to install and configure on it GNU/Linux or OpenBSD so that this computer will serve as router

Is it a good hardware for that purpose?

Thanks

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Hi,

I want to install and configure on it GNU/Linux or OpenBSD so that this computer will serve as router

Is it a good hardware for that purpose?

Honestly, it's likely that even those specs are overkill for the
intended purpose - compare to your bog-standard AIO modem/router
which likely uses some flavour of ARM with <1/4 the RAM and clock
speed.

There's nothing stopping you from installing OPNsense or manually
achieving the same result by installing Linux.

You will require at least two interfaces on the device in order
to act as a proper router, and the spec sheet for that ASRock
board suggests a single gigabit ethernet port.

Consider grabbing a nice, well supported, and relatively cheap, NIC
such as an Intel PRO/1000 (or similar) to provide appropriate
interfaces for your router.

Cheers,

Matt

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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On Monday, 19 May 2025 23:35:02 British Summer Time Matt Jolly wrote:

Hi,

I want to install and configure on it GNU/Linux or OpenBSD so that this computer will serve as router

Is it a good hardware for that purpose?

Honestly, it's likely that even those specs are overkill for the
intended purpose - compare to your bog-standard AIO modem/router
which likely uses some flavour of ARM with <1/4 the RAM and clock
speed.

There's nothing stopping you from installing OPNsense or manually
achieving the same result by installing Linux.

You will require at least two interfaces on the device in order
to act as a proper router, and the spec sheet for that ASRock
board suggests a single gigabit ethernet port.

Consider grabbing a nice, well supported, and relatively cheap, NIC
such as an Intel PRO/1000 (or similar) to provide appropriate
interfaces for your router.

Cheers,

Matt

Or perhaps take a look at a board built for this purpose, rather than trying
to repurpose a MoBo more suited to a small desktop PC. For example:

https://mikrotik.com/products/group/routerboard https://teklager.se/en/products/routers/


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Can you recommend some Mikrotik model? I have an 8 Gbps optical fiber
network, 8 Gbps download / 2 Gbps upload and I've started building my
budget homelab. I plan to expand my network to support 10 Gbps Ethernet
in the far future so router should have one 10 Gbps Ethernet port.

I'll need to connect 1 Gbps TP-Link SG1024DE semi-managed switch, USB
printer and some 1 TB external disk to router. Router should have the
options that will be very useful when administering network like setting
custom domain name, assigning static ip per MAC, MAC filtering, port forwarding, builtin firewall.

I want to connect Wi-Fi access point separately, so no builtin wireless
support needed.

Most devices will be connected to the 1 Gbit Ethernet switch and maybe
10 Gbit in the future, only devices like smartphone or laptop will use Wi-Fi.

On 19 May 2025, 23:54:35, Michael wrote:

On Monday, 19 May 2025 23:35:02 British Summer Time Matt Jolly wrote:

Hi,

I want to install and configure on it GNU/Linux or OpenBSD so that this computer will serve as router

Is it a good hardware for that purpose?

Honestly, it's likely that even those specs are overkill for the
intended purpose - compare to your bog-standard AIO modem/router
which likely uses some flavour of ARM with <1/4 the RAM and clock
speed.

There's nothing stopping you from installing OPNsense or manually
achieving the same result by installing Linux.

You will require at least two interfaces on the device in order
to act as a proper router, and the spec sheet for that ASRock
board suggests a single gigabit ethernet port.

Consider grabbing a nice, well supported, and relatively cheap, NIC
such as an Intel PRO/1000 (or similar) to provide appropriate
interfaces for your router.

Cheers,

Matt

Or perhaps take a look at a board built for this purpose, rather than trying to repurpose a MoBo more suited to a small desktop PC. For example:

https://mikrotik.com/products/group/routerboard https://teklager.se/en/products/routers/

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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On 20/5/25 09:55, whiteman808 wrote:

Can you recommend some Mikrotik model?

Really it's going to come down to what your requirements are
and how much you want to spend. Get something with sufficient
ports for your current requirements and any (near) future expansion.
Don't spend money on things that you don't need (the majority of my
lab equipment was free or heavily discounted).

A re-used SFF PC and cheap network card may be more cost effective
than buying a new router!

Note that switches are far more performant at, well, switching,
so a 'dumb' router with a few ethernet ports might do the job well,
and you can get a switch (or switches) that support your devices.
Something a bit like one of these:

https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005008591539955.html

My homelab is a bit outdated at this point, but I have some decent kit
that supports 10GbE/40GbE. Here's an older network diagram for my
homelab, for context: https://jumpshare.com/s/1D6YRNZPjylI3Jpx3MEI

It's been through a few iterations since, currently the NAS and
PVE-hosted utilities have been consolidated onto a single server
(90t+24t metadata/hot data bcachefs) for much lower bills!

Since I rarely need to do things like spin up a full set of AD/CA infra,
that I'm operating with a fraction of the RAM is barely noticable.

At one point I had the router trunking VLANs to each switch over 40GbE,
but had some issues with the mlnx2 drivers causing massive packet loss
in one direction. With the PVE cluster inactive I'm just using the
CRS354 and a couple of the 10GbE SFPs. I could split the 40s out into
4*10GbE each, but I don't have a need for it at the moment, especially
with my T4 having failed recently.

I now just use an Intel SFP+ card on the router, trunking VLANs (to
segregate traffic) to the CRS354, my APs are on a trunked port with
default VLAN, most every thing else is just an appropriately VLAN'd
access port.

Mikrotik devices are relatively easy to run, and configuration can
be as straightforward as SSHing into the device and running commands
in the prompt (or using the WebUI).

Also, while copper DACs are annoying they can be much easier than
dealing with fibre in a dusty environment (though I've had good
results with fibre polishing tools).

Good luck with the lab.

Cheers,

Matt

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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On Tuesday, 20 May 2025 03:12:04 British Summer Time Matt Jolly wrote:

On 20/5/25 09:55, whiteman808 wrote:

Can you recommend some Mikrotik model?

I can't recommend Mikrotik because I don't have any working experience with them. I only mentioned them as an example - other OEMs are available. What I was hinting at is if you buy something designed for the job, you are likely to pay less and obtain a hardware specification more suitable to your requirements. A desktop APU with a graphics core and a sound card are
unlikely to benefit a router, unless you plan to connect a monitor, mouse and keyboard on it and use it as a ... desktop. :-)

On the other hand mass produced kit reduces the cost and repurposing it has
its own benefits, e.g. PCIe ports where multiport NICs can be plugged in.

Depending on your needs and requirements you'd want to consider SFP+ or higher spec when you buy NICs to future proof it.

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On 5/19/25 7:12 PM, Matt Jolly wrote:

A re-used SFF PC and cheap network card may be more cost effective
than buying a new router!

Note: do not make the mistake I once did and try using an external NIC.
Even with fast enough USB speeds, it was never performant enough for a
router :).


-JayF

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On 21/5/25 20:42, whiteman808 wrote:

Will something bad happen if I reuse over-spec mentioned PC instead of
buying a new Mikrotik, for example spending too much money on electric
energy bills?

Energy usage will likely be higher, but that's offset by the cost of
having to buy low-power hardware if you already own something that
you're planning to repurpose. The difference probably isn't as much
as you'd think, at idle anyway. To measure it you need equipment that...
costs money. You can estimate the maximum by looking at the components
that you're going to use and comparing it with your utility rates.

At the end of the day, a single 'real' server in your homelab might blow
this out of the water - my SPARC drew 60W... when it was turned off!

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Will something bad happen if I reuse over-spec mentioned PC instead of buying a new Mikrotik, for example spending too much money on electric energy bills?

Getting additional network card is no problem for me, I have in home an 4-port Intel NIC.

Dnia 20 maja 2025 04:12:04 CEST, Matt Jolly <[email protected]> napisał/a:

On 20/5/25 09:55, whiteman808 wrote:

Can you recommend some Mikrotik model?

Really it's going to come down to what your requirements are
and how much you want to spend. Get something with sufficient
ports for your current requirements and any (near) future expansion.
Don't spend money on things that you don't need (the majority of my
lab equipment was free or heavily discounted).

A re-used SFF PC and cheap network card may be more cost effective
than buying a new router!

Note that switches are far more performant at, well, switching,
so a 'dumb' router with a few ethernet ports might do the job well,
and you can get a switch (or switches) that support your devices.
Something a bit like one of these:

https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005008591539955.html

My homelab is a bit outdated at this point, but I have some decent kit
that supports 10GbE/40GbE. Here's an older network diagram for my homelab, for context: https://jumpshare.com/s/1D6YRNZPjylI3Jpx3MEI

It's been through a few iterations since, currently the NAS and
PVE-hosted utilities have been consolidated onto a single server
(90t+24t metadata/hot data bcachefs) for much lower bills!

Since I rarely need to do things like spin up a full set of AD/CA infra,
that I'm operating with a fraction of the RAM is barely noticable.

At one point I had the router trunking VLANs to each switch over 40GbE, but had some issues with the mlnx2 drivers causing massive packet loss
in one direction. With the PVE cluster inactive I'm just using the
CRS354 and a couple of the 10GbE SFPs. I could split the 40s out into
4*10GbE each, but I don't have a need for it at the moment, especially
with my T4 having failed recently.

I now just use an Intel SFP+ card on the router, trunking VLANs (to
segregate traffic) to the CRS354, my APs are on a trunked port with
default VLAN, most every thing else is just an appropriately VLAN'd
access port.

Mikrotik devices are relatively easy to run, and configuration can
be as straightforward as SSHing into the device and running commands
in the prompt (or using the WebUI).

Also, while copper DACs are annoying they can be much easier than
dealing with fibre in a dusty environment (though I've had good
results with fibre polishing tools).

Good luck with the lab.

Cheers,

Matt

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<html><head></head><body><div dir="auto">Will something bad happen if I reuse over-spec mentioned PC instead of buying a new Mikrotik, for example spending too much money on electric energy bills?<br><br>Getting additional network card is no problem for
me, I have in home an 4-port Intel NIC.</div><br><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="auto">Dnia 20 maja 2025 04:12:04 CEST, Matt Jolly &lt;[email protected]&gt; napisał/a:</div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; border-
left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding-left: 1ex;">
<pre class="k9mail"><div dir="auto">On 20/5/25 09:55, whiteman808 wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 1ex 0.8ex; border-left: 1px solid #729fcf; padding-left: 1ex;"><div dir="auto">Can you recommend some Mikrotik model?<

</div></blockquote><div dir="auto"><br>Really it's going to come down to what your requirements are<br>and how much you want to spend. Get something with sufficient<br>ports for your current requirements and any (near) future expansion.<br>Don't spend

money on things that you don't need (the majority of my<br>lab equipment was free or heavily discounted).<br><br>A re-used SFF PC and cheap network card may be more cost effective<br>than buying a new router!<br><br>Note that switches are far more
performant at, well, switching,<br>so a 'dumb' router with a few ethernet ports might do the job well,<br>and you can get a switch (or switches) that support your devices.<br>Something a bit like one of these:<br><br><a href="https://www.aliexpress.com/
item/1005008591539955.html">https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005008591539955.html</a><br><br>My homelab is a bit outdated at this point, but I have some decent kit<br>that supports 10GbE/40GbE. Here's an older network diagram for my homelab, for context:
<a href="https://jumpshare.com/s/1D6YRNZPjylI3Jpx3MEI">https://jumpshare.com/s/1D6YRNZPjylI3Jpx3MEI</a><br><br>It's been through a few iterations since, currently the NAS and<br>PVE-hosted utilities have been consolidated onto a single server<br>(90t+24t
metadata/hot data bcachefs) for much lower bills!<br><br>Since I rarely need to do things like spin up a full set of AD/CA infra,<br>that I'm operating with a fraction of the RAM is barely noticable.<br><br>At one point I had the router trunking VLANs to
each switch over 40GbE, but had some issues with the mlnx2 drivers causing massive packet loss<br>in one direction. With the PVE cluster inactive I'm just using the<br>CRS354 and a couple of the 10GbE SFPs. I could split the 40s out into<br>4*10GbE each,
but I don't have a need for it at the moment, especially<br>with my T4 having failed recently.<br><br>I now just use an Intel SFP+ card on the router, trunking VLANs (to<br>segregate traffic) to the CRS354, my APs are on a trunked port with<br>default
VLAN, most every thing else is just an appropriately VLAN'd<br>access port.<br><br>Mikrotik devices are relatively easy to run, and configuration can<br>be as straightforward as SSHing into the device and running commands<br>in the prompt (or using the
WebUI).<br><br>Also, while copper DACs are annoying they can be much easier than<br>dealing with fibre in a dusty environment (though I've had good<br>results with fibre polishing tools).<br><br>Good luck with the lab.<br><br>Cheers,<br><br>Matt<br><br></

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Does make sense buying new router or just repurposing this PC will be a better idea?

Dnia 21 maja 2025 12:49:08 CEST, Matt Jolly <[email protected]> napisał/a:

On 21/5/25 20:42, whiteman808 wrote:

Will something bad happen if I reuse over-spec mentioned PC instead of buying a new Mikrotik, for example spending too much money on electric energy bills?

Energy usage will likely be higher, but that's offset by the cost of
having to buy low-power hardware if you already own something that
you're planning to repurpose. The difference probably isn't as much
as you'd think, at idle anyway. To measure it you need equipment that... >costs money. You can estimate the maximum by looking at the components
that you're going to use and comparing it with your utility rates.

At the end of the day, a single 'real' server in your homelab might blow
this out of the water - my SPARC drew 60W... when it was turned off!

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<html><head></head><body><div dir="auto">Does make sense buying new router or just repurposing this PC will be a better idea?</div><br><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="auto">Dnia 21 maja 2025 12:49:08 CEST, Matt Jolly &lt;[email protected]&gt;
napisał/a:</div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding-left: 1ex;">
<pre class="k9mail"><div dir="auto">On 21/5/25 20:42, whiteman808 wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 1ex 0.8ex; border-left: 1px solid #729fcf; padding-left: 1ex;"><div dir="auto">Will something bad happen if I reuse
over-spec mentioned PC instead of buying a new Mikrotik, for example spending too much money on electric energy bills?<br></div></blockquote><div dir="auto"><br>Energy usage will likely be higher, but that's offset by the cost of<br>having to buy low-
power hardware if you already own something that<br>you're planning to repurpose. The difference probably isn't as much<br>as you'd think, at idle anyway. To measure it you need equipment that...<br>costs money. You can estimate the maximum by looking at
the components<br>that you're going to use and comparing it with your utility rates.<br><br>At the end of the day, a single 'real' server in your homelab might blow<br>this out of the water - my SPARC drew 60W... when it was turned off!<br><br><br></div><
/pre></blockquote></div></body></html>
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Hello,

On Wed 21 May 2025 12:56:01 GMT, whiteman808 wrote:

Does make sense buying new router or just repurposing this PC will be
a better idea?

I’ve always reused my old hardware for routers and it works very well.
Right now my home router is a Shuttle DS81D and in datacenter I’m using several old Dell R210. All of that runs on Linux and the dynamic routing
is done with net-misc/bird.

--
Alarig

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On 21/5/25 20:56, whiteman808 wrote:

Does make sense buying new router or just repurposing this PC will be a better idea?

That's up to you and what makes the most sense right now. You can always
change your mind later and repurpose the hardware for something else.

My router is still a SFF desktop with a USB 4g dongle as a backup
connection because it was 'cheap at the time'. It probably costs me more
in power over the long run, but I haven't done the maths to know what
the break even point on a N100 or ARM device would be like.

Besides, letting perfectly good hardware go to (e)waste is a terrible
thing to see, and I get a lot of my power (at least half the day)
from solar.

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On Wednesday, 21 May 2025 12:02:36 British Summer Time Matt Jolly wrote:

On 21/5/25 20:56, whiteman808 wrote:

Does make sense buying new router or just repurposing this PC will be a better idea?

That's up to you and what makes the most sense right now. You can always change your mind later and repurpose the hardware for something else.

My router is still a SFF desktop with a USB 4g dongle as a backup
connection because it was 'cheap at the time'. It probably costs me more
in power over the long run, but I haven't done the maths to know what
the break even point on a N100 or ARM device would be like.

Besides, letting perfectly good hardware go to (e)waste is a terrible
thing to see, and I get a lot of my power (at least half the day)
from solar.

I tend to keep functionally good hardware going, until repair or upgrading the same old kit becomes uneconomic.

An article presenting a particular microtic and its power consumption as a quick reference:

https://www.servethehome.com/mikrotik-crs504-4xq-in-review-momentus-4x-100gbe-and-25gbe-desktop-switch-marvell/3/

However, to do this properly it is best to refer to the actual kit specification. I would guess it will take quite a few years before any power savings will match the zero capital cost of a repurposed PC.
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