1) the output of "dmesg | grep iwlwifi" is...

[ 0.640780] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: can't disable ASPM; OS doesn't have ASPM control
[ 0.641112] Loading firmware: iwlwifi-5000-5.ucode
[ 0.641332] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: loaded firmware version 8.83.5.1 build 33692 5000-5.ucode op_mode iwldvm
[ 0.641360] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: CONFIG_IWLWIFI_DEBUG disabled
[ 0.641364] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: CONFIG_IWLWIFI_DEBUGFS disabled
[ 0.641367] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: CONFIG_IWLWIFI_DEVICE_TRACING disabled
[ 0.641370] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: Detected Intel(R) WiFi Link 5100 AGN, REV=0x54
[ 17.311014] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: Radio type=0x1-0x2-0x0
[ 17.424989] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: Radio type=0x1-0x2-0x0

Nice to see that it detects the 5100 AGN just like lspci. As the old
saying goes, "use it or lose it"; I used to be able to run wifi on this machine manually (command line) in the past, but now I've completely
forgotten how. I've emerged "iw" and "wpa_supplicant". "iw dev" shows

phy#0
Interface wlan0
ifindex 3
wdev 0x1
addr 00:26:c6:4a:b4:92
type managed
txpower 15.00 dBm

Questions...
1) what do I do to scan and get a list of available networks?
2) how do I connect to one of the listed networks (assuming either
it's public, or I have the password) ?
3) minor detail... The Google hits I've found all show both DVM and
MVM support enabled. Given that dmesg output shows "op_mode iwldvm",
can I safely get rid of MVM support ?

--
Walter Dnes <[email protected]>
I don't run "desktop environments"; I run useful applications

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Monday, 29 August 2022 22:23:00 BST Walter Dnes wrote:

1) the output of "dmesg | grep iwlwifi" is...

[ 0.640780] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: can't disable ASPM; OS doesn't have
ASPM control [ 0.641112] Loading firmware: iwlwifi-5000-5.ucode
[ 0.641332] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: loaded firmware version 8.83.5.1 build 33692 5000-5.ucode op_mode iwldvm [ 0.641360] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: CONFIG_IWLWIFI_DEBUG disabled [ 0.641364] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: CONFIG_IWLWIFI_DEBUGFS disabled [ 0.641367] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: CONFIG_IWLWIFI_DEVICE_TRACING disabled [ 0.641370] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: Detected Intel(R) WiFi Link 5100 AGN, REV=0x54 [ 17.311014] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: Radio type=0x1-0x2-0x0
[ 17.424989] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: Radio type=0x1-0x2-0x0

Nice to see that it detects the 5100 AGN just like lspci. As the old saying goes, "use it or lose it"; I used to be able to run wifi on this machine manually (command line) in the past, but now I've completely forgotten how. I've emerged "iw" and "wpa_supplicant". "iw dev" shows

phy#0
Interface wlan0
ifindex 3
wdev 0x1
addr 00:26:c6:4a:b4:92
type managed
txpower 15.00 dBm

Questions...
1) what do I do to scan and get a list of available networks?

If you have emerged wpa_supplicant with USE="qt5" you will have a GUI to
launch its client and click on Scan to find and select a desired AP.

If not, you can run wpa_cli in a terminal. Something like 'wpa_cli scan' and 'wpa_cli scan_results' should show you what's available. If you run just 'wpa_cli' it will launch an interactive shell from which you can run:

scan
scan_results

'wpa_cli --help' for more subcommands and options.

2) how do I connect to one of the listed networks (assuming either
it's public, or I have the password) ?

With wpa_supplicant's GUI, or with wpa_cli, but the latter is more tedious.

Run wpa_cli to get an interactive shell. Then,

scan
scan_results

add_network

0 (if there is no other network yet configured)

set_network 0 ssid "My_blah_AP" <== From the results
set_network 0 psk "My_secret_passphrase"
enable_network 0

0K

If you managed to authenticate and get an IP address you may want to save your settings - assuming you have enabled 'update_config=1' in your wpa_supplicant.conf:

save config

OK

For permanent associations you can add BSSID and authentication credentials into /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf. Have a look at '/usr/share/doc/ wpa_supplicant-*/wpa_supplicant.conf.bz2' for examples.

3) minor detail... The Google hits I've found all show both DVM and
MVM support enabled. Given that dmesg output shows "op_mode iwldvm",
can I safely get rid of MVM support ?

I don't know what works with your wireless adaptor, but I tend to experiment initially by building such options as modules and see what is loaded or not
and any warnings in dmesg.

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----

iQIzBAABCAAdFiEEXqhvaVh2ERicA8Ceseqq9sKVZxkFAmMNwaMACgkQseqq9sKV ZxkZkQ//cfoCzjv7LnZ6OGyrQeUSO3szO/D1Kr29WBL9rVIhPW1PmjjFbpNLur4s DQwYJOAfNl2exaEyKDZiWz9kRUhTn8cjgnhwMWcBPPwl3ieE4DXCxpfEvRCvlEjY Yvf1Zbawo1m62Sglg9N/UvbttevYo7AO8X9MS+Qzk+h8xpOV2MTL8pSeqV66BoqM k5CkcBtO3Mp3vx1ZI6CezgdIC3uEP6iuhWm2ptFfRye26zz/XOu2O9DIJsQdgzno UA3Vd1Mt85EU8kQSGh0iH3OOv6eezlKW66Up9wBQaFX8cB4mZxvVQeucJABM+g8d xfoBtx2b7YvK4rak04I9eHjhuWRlJ0QuFR8oteL9jIwo7ysG30o9uWUoNGgecW0z +qKgkmdjgo4X1uUWY9tBKDuqkSNjHhS6HTeNrAX4FUdOtlC1lHVpPSNxgYGB0NHF EJamVmQEHA8qP1BDjYtNHCDz1GzEvLodW8rih5xy+q9tscqSVLT9qyOK/mzgiVWC ds3y23YjV6XfviKaIgHiwP6D+k6uHUnwuepeOkCC51Ha29jBYvOOhzJsO+rjwDSA yHNTxaTgsCd+XPxtgdU0+X4NtI3krP3NliUnmvKgtzFqzMLEK7+NEhQDRQGLfTwb uyQZ3Ld9qK/0Pc/7x7DdgGAn869fO2dX96BcvQ8/U7vnw/vRgXw=
=k9MP
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

I'm having problems, even running as root. As per the previous
message, the system is detecting the hardware, but wpa_aupplicant cannot
get going. I have a minimal /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
update_config=1

From https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Wpa_supplicant#Using_wpa_cli the
command for debugging is...

wpa_supplicant -Dnl80211 -iwlan0 -C/var/run/wpa_supplicant/ -c/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -dd

...to which I appended ">>logfile.txt 2>&1" to grab all output. I
waited for a minute or so, and got the logfile which I've attached. Any
ideas?

--
Walter Dnes <[email protected]>
I don't run "desktop environments"; I run useful applications

H4sICJqMDmMCA2xvZ2ZpbGUudHh0AOVZbXPaSBL+zq/ob4aqVZAE4kVXbB0BeUPFvBzgvFxq a2qQRlhlMdJKwtj767dbQiBsnLCXnC5Vl3JUw8wz3T3dPT09PbuQs3gbhr5nc5nAg/5GUysR l06wMWEtkqxZrQGBgigB/sA9n698UVlsbVvEsbv1/SfwpJd43Pf+FA7sTmhWRvmQJ9eIS0Tk clvA1c7nUr0CO5AuXNVFYtdPJz77+YaAV+BE3oOI4Er6HVXXNJyfRD4rkK0/8KgebeVzalew ijxnjYhJvX9VGSA1b72NeOIFElzPF39DCOXXy8GVueAOLd3+Do6V01X2XlvlVWUbOjwRLGPW 0yp7PZmwyAyI9rG98A5VqKqK6ircNi8CGZeA9EtAzYtkUi9BdS4BdY+g25gMkbmQsuIxogPX Vew7LqXwYfnpCB1mIO7gN/EIKR4TIR1iwEO+8nz0ahFD1REu3/pJDRS4E4/OdhNWfSF7nZqJ Ipz5a6p/n8mGx/ffx+lePLHNepP01EfNdVUXhLSxLVzg2+QOW21wfb6OsdVpqqpqaGpzpTYc lasQRRuWD2oqhFGwEiwScchQeX7AHRpQUchHFiepd2NH+jMSG+5JFkhGKu4ZSDiDoa+yOPZw pl4Q8riL09iAvyG8e6L/RW8QCWwCR4DneqipR2hgK3kKBehQXSz7y9F0Uiv6xSq2I28lIAmA NABuxDeo052X3IEMpNKfAQrn4HZUHw1DqK7RdYRRVN5crL0YRcumAjHDFTsqVD/e9CfsesAW y88zi/UHKXOQPsso9k4p4toTG5WNuoUNWhK3bIwW+e8xaqq8LEarshjZZTFyymHULctG3bJs 1C3LRt2ybNRUu4bacrtcK8lWHQqU5TDSSmGk6eWsp1UOG662S2KkaWWtaFXWisrZQ5pWlmtr aknObahGWYzKCT9aoywbNUpSXVucPSgi997zfTO/JoN4EDLBn84jZsopTw2CENtx4CIeE9LI ISlF4nvy3oRpKCLKrYWZp729BtAQZcI4t7qNERBi6qzgzS+JAr/2CxLcT+oZUB1ds+nMmrPh dD7uT5a1St9xXiTcmCJzkGIHEV5Zg2eJN2pq6/MkiOi27wbRJrvIKnix3SLLp55aALcNQ+nq HfgnZuXjd3+Cjgp6u4GqDGA0L6TnelPVFb3Z1hGJSjxCixCjjZAOQXT1G9TaTYR2m2eh0+vh uPZykqG1VcXQDRUndb5On1CK0WicgQ6vF+doN7s4oZ1O0FoXzWg3DMXoNIwLpGmj9pRWo60T eT2n/0x9aGe8TuKPN5q2ym5O+5uv3Peui/Y8ThwTdGRZVg4j/eI5jp82fnRq6dRqUKtBrSa1 mtQy9NRu+GlRq9X+Mpmy0fx3MpG+b7/OipNVOmo+x9DVQlsvtJuFditvf5n3h/20q/Oiq6G+ 7NJfdBkvUcYZVPNZ1+sLWv1w3aUbFgPDTsK4PwDuOHgjj6kSYOot026ZTW6ummZXr1CFKCt5 sL18LBYJuxdPxWBSTQnWgPtrjD9ErleVnl9LKwdZnKJZSdb4g1HlQU0Hjy0qEqQ1gkKFw7ph 763PFQBYRQF3KB4S9kdJpf2UUuk/pVSNn1Kq5o+V6oDYywIu93zh/ANEFPUU3Hgj+cB9zwEe rbcbPIV/1DqM//k6sogwX0xMcP1tfEe1ztn4/WiImQJS9SQkd2Jf/TzSvyZohotzGoss1RiO FoPpZGINltaQat6jCWVBH6zKcnizMIG+aZKRJQIySPJXAjxdVk85pwyclToB85Q4SzskpkGU wdACt+EpygkQVaCXscrLtPHOw1QLV1ex+rPpDYp7O5uxWd8CQYRp2WnacyL/AXt87EgpE3KL cfNWUiE0iOgFo1A9vPfC1AIkCKMJ1W0BWIPdHdXxSVQex4HtIVsnZ4V2ZfNPz4XC+J0OWAOL VFlcwtsXKxhNRstR/2b07xRoAn7OLLL/9gYXOH47xWWk5f+0rhlGwkVnoVpyprj4F+pn1J/V Yyf1fm7xLEt4lg8+c4fc/OQKJ6o9qc1mmeQh9wRV+RWT6UPaeWFKq2hpvkNirsU3c9n5cswm 1seb0eR9So3l9DxXYlbfeyYTxudC7kx4l288HzPY7Meh1q3ivv9yO/u9lpvJ8WJ6+4LE26Cb Ynp/f9h2YhM8nL5wZTo8KOc3kSQE2AU0sHe8bwzvd/2RyR9bgVsZ83RHkBuiL6Avo5YVWFE9 HXNw8/QPQiHp+Ym9Nh4JHgeSItzQ6t8u37Ebq/9hNPmtlvlX78TS+40vOO1RTD1CgSotRDOe 8P1FyvX89Fa112VBD9fpkmgNaBAJ9TAK7Hr8FNfRNepe+NCq0+NVPV1y3YmCkG1leo9CqzJf Z4d7lQmTACOEfZc9pgUokxcJm24o38ctDjBCeLiTmeRfY/L1aPlzbZG9A1uP+9CLIQtp2vkd jkKbJcm36d55AfgDHT4I/dfYhIFPDsF9H7idYACH4WIwQxRpURwOlcFyfqNYH6zJUqFxBVmM Bp/BpskMJ+e4j7N+TjLwHTqZAC/cMFu+P1Di0ha+n8ZAjOTowum2ODNc2CMkOm3bYJtUpsdH v5zVfptA386eZ1MnXn6Car5/eDpAB3x67v/fOv27hY46HgpfoOeSzWPsprMDScanmj3RZUxG QsNg4JDixKNMeEXHmEE80BsjEaRODQ4AtuMeZltoTwzaCGF7psxFZ8AuXHAKIapEJev+kd6a BnzxooTiRsGmWD7Zw84VVBxB5aDTM2p/wDgM74wMEysRnxarUmKbAOehUQ68TdwCblqGubxo hBHnHne38M9WjFrHEHI7q/3Hr6+3Mj68vxYfXw8Prh385zitTtvRjJZjd6GaUt8HtTPGWFrz MSYiSzyhoPIXnmjATb4iAAA=

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Tuesday, 30 August 2022 23:26:00 BST Walter Dnes wrote:

I'm having problems, even running as root. As per the previous
message, the system is detecting the hardware, but wpa_aupplicant cannot
get going. I have a minimal /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
update_config=1

If you have enabled the wheel group and your user is a member of this group, then you won't need to run things as root:

DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=wheel
DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=0
# (group can be either group name or gid)

Alternatively, you can add your users gid instead.

From https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Wpa_supplicant#Using_wpa_cli the
command for debugging is...

wpa_supplicant -Dnl80211 -iwlan0 -C/var/run/wpa_supplicant/ -c/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -dd

...to which I appended ">>logfile.txt 2>&1" to grab all output. I
waited for a minute or so, and got the logfile which I've attached. Any ideas?

To state the obvious, this shows your key is not accepted:

nl80211: set_key failed; err=-22 Invalid argument

Also I can see:

key_len=0

Does this message mean you are using no passwd authentication? If so you have to state explicitly:

set_network 0 key_mgmt NONE

in wpa_cli when you try to authenticate with your AP, or in /etc/ wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf add a fall back configuration at the end of the file for all open APs:

network={
key_mgmt=NONE
}

You can add BSSID, SSID to the above if you only want to use no authentication with a specific AP rather than anything which might be within range.

BTW, key and passphrase are not the same thing. A passphrase must be entered in quotations, or use wpa_passphrase to generate the preshared key from it:

~ $ wpa_passphrase MY_SSID "My secret passphrase"
network={
ssid="MY_SSID"
#psk="My secret passphrase"
psk=f90ff73cefa452385366f5278f64914fa832b61a5225d3c78dcd4291061b56a1 }

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

During launch, wpa_supplicant blows up on...

DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=wheel
DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=0

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Wpa_supplicant#Configuration recommends...

ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=wheel

The 3 lines in my wpa_supplicant.conf that are not commented out are...

ctrl_interface_group=0
ap_scan=1
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=wheel

Thank you for your help. It works. I live in a condo building. As
a regular user "wpa_cli scan" followed by "wpa_cli scan_result" shows approximately a couple of dozen machines. BTW I've disabled MVM and
wifi still works.

One last question; I occasionally see signs in various places saying

Our network name is "foo" and password is "bar".

My reading of the wpa_cli man page indicates I should use...

wpa_cli password foo bar

...to log on. Is that correct?

--
Walter Dnes <[email protected]>
I don't run "desktop environments"; I run useful applications

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Wednesday, 31 August 2022 20:15:41 BST Walter Dnes wrote:

During launch, wpa_supplicant blows up on...

DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=wheel
DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=0

Hmm ... so the example page syntax is wrong. I wonder if I came across this too in the distant past. :-/

I have this in my config and it works:

ctrl_interface_group=wheel
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Wpa_supplicant#Configuration recommends...

ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=wheel

The 3 lines in my wpa_supplicant.conf that are not commented out are...

ctrl_interface_group=0
ap_scan=1
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=wheel

Thank you for your help. It works.

Cool. :-)

I live in a condo building. As
a regular user "wpa_cli scan" followed by "wpa_cli scan_result" shows approximately a couple of dozen machines. BTW I've disabled MVM and
wifi still works.

One last question; I occasionally see signs in various places saying

Our network name is "foo" and password is "bar".

My reading of the wpa_cli man page indicates I should use...

wpa_cli password foo bar

...to log on. Is that correct?

The wpa_cli command syntax is:

password <network id> <password>
configure password for an SSID

However, I'm not sure <network id> == SSID. When you add a network in interactive mode with:

add_network

the shell outputs a network id number; e.g. 3, which you are meant to use thereafter to set up variables for the AP; e.g.:

set_network 3 ssid "starvebux"
set_network 3 psk "Not Free"
enable_network 3

In addition, I understand the wpa_cli command 'password', as opposed to variable 'psk' which is used in the interactive shell, to be for a EAP-PEAP authentication scheme. For a pre-shared key you'll use interactively:

set_network 3 psk 0f0fbfdadff6271a5107a49cfb5db9e921138ee74a66b0.....

or if it is a passphrase you'll enclose it in double quotes "Not Free" as above.

This is the reason I use the wpa_supplicant GUI when not restricted to working in a console, because the qt5 wpa_supplicant GUI makes it easier to click and fill in a PSK, compared to the multiple commands required in a terminal. -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----

iQIzBAABCAAdFiEEXqhvaVh2ERicA8Ceseqq9sKVZxkFAmMQrPkACgkQseqq9sKV ZxmJcg/+LOT5JIlxB5dQsSdeG7wsqB8n4pDW3qq7SCakzmg3MQjcsHSVySVBMefv HUJEvVxB6rwavw7SyZSVqGaZOqXtkn9KorF+IHsXfIjWvkZTmKLGN7D5qQnvSsmo 4ngBbcaraIbPJU0gAk8f05pcdKAhX+UPnFhdk4anSY/nLd4x/FJX0VCTUldxc+n3 YbuW3g2T9VQhbyxUzpaesSo2WncV5rGNo6o9gQX7Oho2fq1VTpZmtUFaHBuoxi05 cVCPW1ZKi0qOYNWvGQtw/3RwIVj4OwNXxKsGeQ/CIRU+3EN1py2Ltd5mGTJ8vrAK cchXxUaAa1Ri8ZLWWK5q+/IW/LnE2mC5tLaYpG3AjQqdvGF1iai45/xy9rI4z1jl l6zG8rFgHOFmc2mmhFF87nricEcfb2zk0zWZJtrG7GHiwWWr7dPRnTRmQoPuv+It 0KPQPg4228o6wFYcKUrGErXuWrnGO8w5jx/5fkEuDaynpU72H9qPiS5/dYr3zPjs DGTiiPYxaeBxwvLZ1SpdNm09XE9v+r6uqUknhJABqcxEXa+cEC2AdHu/nPNpej6K qMVvHAZ0ITBB0ohyN1Ptq0y6Y+7pAu/VOY0FqyW0M91BGQdnKInjwyhw4Snuoh0f Bn7qDlvt4rp8HPfyXGdXgjA1tcqCfZWg4uHyq//IdMH+EttbwFA=
=XbzB
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)