• Re: State of MicroProse Update 6-21/96

    From KP2 KP2@21:1/5 to Kuo-Sheng Kasey Chang on Sat Sep 23 18:04:06 2023
    On Monday, June 24, 1996 at 12:00:00 AM UTC-7, Kuo-Sheng Kasey Chang wrote:
    Last Updated 6-20/96
    First things first: some of the items here are facts, some are rumors.
    Both are clearly marked as such.
    Commentaries are clearly marked. I've also ed in portions of the
    Gilman Louie interview. Still,
    this is NOT a journalistic endeavor. Don't treat it as such.
    Facts and Rumors Index
    HISTORY MicroProse Background and History
    FACT Beginning of the End: SH makes cuts at MicroProse
    RUMOR Any chance of CIV2 multiplayer?
    REPORT CGW special report on MicroProse
    REPORT PCM&E e-zine reports on "death of MPS"
    RUMOR SH/MPS cutting back existing games?
    RUMOR Former/Current MPS QA people start new company?
    RUMOR Sid Meier & others form new company?
    RUMOR EA/Origin's "Skunkworks" lured away MPS sim team?
    RUMOR SH blames Internet for their troubles?
    RUMOR Where's Arnold Hendricks and Andy Hollis now?
    RUMOR Ed "Air Wars" Fletcher hired by EA?
    RUMOR SH cannot find leader for MPS and set up committee rule
    instead?
    RUMOR Spectrum HoloByte in financial trouble?
    RUMOR Spectrum HoloByte changing name to MicroProse?
    RUMOR Presidents of MPS and MPS-UK resigned?
    RUMOR Jeff Briggs resigned from MPS?
    RUMOR Half of artists resigned from MPS?
    RUMOR MicroProse for sale?
    RUMOR Sid Meier leaving MPS?
    RUMOR SH chairman settling down MPS employees after cutbacks?
    RUMOR SH offers carte blanche to Brian Reynolds?
    Any chance left for CIV2 Multiplayer?
    FACT: [6-18/96] Letter from Brian Reynolds
    KASEY--Will you be doing any more CIV2 updates?
    BRIAN--Well, Civ2 is really owned by Spectrum. The door is not
    completely closed in terms of future
    stuff, and certainly if [they hit] a major problem development I'd be
    glad to help out. On the other hand
    obviously since I don't have the source code on hand any more, the
    casual updates are no longer
    happening.
    Also see CGW section CIV2 Multiplayer Truth
    Back to Top

    CGW special report on MicroProse
    FACT: [6-18/96] MicroProse news is the topic of an entire COLUMN
    in Computer Gaming
    World July 96 issue. Here's some highlights, hope they don't mind...
    RUMOR: SH upper management "gutted" MPS developement.
    FACT: "Why would I try to unplug an asset that I bet my entire
    company to buy? If
    MicroProse goes down, I go with it." -- Gilman Louie, chairman
    SH/MPS
    MY COMMENTARY: While it sounds face saving, Mr.Louie is
    absolutely right. No one
    is dumb enough to kill the egg-laying hen.
    RUMOR: I found far more SH's "Top Gun" than MPS's "CIV II" at
    stores. Marketing
    conpiracy?
    FACT: Stores re/order based on "reserve lists", and CIV2's
    reserve list is small
    compared to TG or even MOO2. Even after many favorable reviews,
    stores are reluctant
    to order more.
    MY COMMENTARY: It makes no sense for SH to push one over the
    other.
    RUMOR: Cuts are centered upon MicroProse.
    FACT: CGW analyzed SH/MPS budget and found that MPS still has
    more playtesters
    than any other branch. (Even after firing half of QA department)
    MY COMMENTARY: My interview with Mr.Louie supports the facts: the
    cuts are not
    centered upon MicroProse.
    RUMOR: Okay, what happened to multi-player support in CIV II?
    FACT:: Several factors here. Here's a list, you make the call...
    CIV 2 have hooks for multiplayer play already built-in.
    (MANY players who looked at the code and the various *.TXT
    profiles have
    commented on it)
    Parts of CIV 2 have been tested under CIVNET conditions.
    (My sources told me that a beta version of CIV2 actually
    supported up to 8
    players during inhouse testing, but has no diplomacy
    options)
    Certain members of design team told CGW that multi-player
    module can be done
    in 4 weeks
    SH management was told by MPS management that the project
    would need 6
    months and half a million dollars.
    Mr.Louie expressed to CGW that he is willing to put up
    $100,000 and 8 weeks
    for the CIV2 team to finish the multiplayer module, and he
    will even consider
    making that a FREE DOWNLOAD upgrade (like Activision finally
    did with their
    Netmech enhancement to MW2)
    CGW COMMENTARY: Looks like the programmers underestimated while
    the
    management overestimated to cover their ass... assets.
    MY COMMENTARY: Sad way to see a great program miss that final
    step to
    immortality. See Letter from Brian Reynolds to see if there's
    still a chance this will be
    done...
    Back to Top

    REPORT: PCM&E e-zine reports on "death of MicroProse
    FACT: [6-17/96] PCM&E e-zine also reports the death of MPS! Their conclusion: "MPS is
    officially dead". They also called the idea of SH relabelling all
    their software under MPS logo "silly".
    Back to Top

    SH/MPS cutting back existing games?
    RUMOR: SH have slashed MPS developement
    FACT: [6-17/96] MicroProse/Spectrum HoloByte is still hard at
    work on Magic: The Gathering
    among other projects. See press release [5-15/96] at Coming Soon!
    e-zine. At the same location are a
    bunch of Sneak Peeks of Star Trek: Generations, XCOM3: Apocalypse, and Agents of Justice (a.k.a.
    SuperHeroes).
    FACT: [6-18/96] On the other hand, the following titles are
    confirmed cancelled: The Viking
    Game (Pirates! in a Viking world), the Aztec game (Civ with Aztecs),
    and PROBABLY the Star Trek
    (tm) Klingon game being worked on by MPS North Carolina group.
    Back to Top

    Former MPS QA people start new company?
    RUMOR: [6-10/96] The latest rumor is that former members of MPS
    Quality Assurance
    Department will be starting a QA Company.
    FACT?: [6-20/96] There appears to be another exodus in progress
    from MPS QA department.
    SF Bay Guardian Weekly reports that on May 31st the remaining members
    of MPS QA department
    resigned to join their former colleagues.
    FACT: [6-12/96] Was informed by an E3 (Electronic Entertainment Expo) attendee that the company
    is called "Abolute Quality, Inc.", and they approached several major
    game companies for assignments.
    Back to Top

    Sid Meier & others form new company?
    FACT: [6-9/96] Following is an e-mail from Brian Reynolds,
    confirming a lot of the rumors
    listed below.
    Hi Kasey,
    Since you've got so many rumors up on your site, I thought you
    might be interested in
    the following official fact.
    Brian Reynolds
    Civ II Designer
    FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
    MICROPROSE MASTERMINDS REBORN AS FIRAXIS
    SOFTWARE
    Sid Meier, Jeff Briggs, and Brian Reynolds, who comprise one of
    the most successful
    development teams in the software development industry have left
    MicroProse (R)
    Software to found FIRAXIS SOFTWARE, INC.
    Jeff Briggs, FIRAXIS President and Chief Executive Officer, spent
    nearly nine years at
    MicroProse, managing, designing, and producing products. For the
    past four years, he
    served as Producer of Sid Meier products, in addition to serving
    as Director of Product
    Development for MicroProse, and maintaining a career as a
    composer.
    Brian Reynolds, Vice President of Software Development, is a
    leading
    programmer/designer with a brilliant career ahead. Reynolds has
    two hit titles to his
    credit already, Sid Meier's Colonization (R), and Sid Meier's
    Civlization II (R), which is
    currently one of the world's top-selling titles, having sold over
    260,000 units in its first
    two months of release.
    Sid Meier, Chairman of the Board and Director of Creative
    Development, has been called
    the "father of the computer gaming industry." Meier is the
    visionary whose ideas have
    generated many gaming genres enthusiasts internationally. His
    career is truly a story of
    "firsts." Titles of Sid Meier games include: F15 Strike Eagle
    (R), Pirates! (R), Silent
    Service (R), Sid Meier's Railroad Tycoon (R) and Sid Meier's
    Civilization (R).
    Meier is co-founder of MicroProse software, still a leader in the international software
    games market, which merged with Spectrum Holobyte four years ago.
    FIRAXIS SOFTWARE will be a product development house only.
    Marketing, sales, and
    distribution of products will be handled by a publishing partner.
    FIRAXIS founders are
    currently negotiating with leading software publishing and
    distribution firms, seeking a
    partnership for producing first-rate innovative software in the
    tradition established at
    MicroProse.
    FIRAXIS will have a small staff of 15-20 of the best minds in the
    business. Each
    individual in the intimate working group has a proven track
    record of success and has
    shown skill at creating games, from concept to product. These
    tested alliances, from the
    highest leadership levels of the company to each and every
    employee ensures FIRAXIS'
    success in the marketplace.
    Founder/President, Jeffery Briggs, said, "FIRAXIS SOFTWARE will
    be a unique
    environment where the most talented programmers, designers,
    artists, and musicians
    work as equals to produce innovative software which is synonymous
    with the Sid Meier
    brand. We will look at all types of new technology and will chart
    a new course for
    computer gaming in the 21st century."
    Sid Meier noted, "What we are after with FIRAXIS is the
    continuation of a great
    tradition of creating cool, fun, games."
    FIRAXIS SOFTWARE's offices will be in Hunt Valley, Maryland.
    Firaxis Software is a leading developer of entertainment
    software. For more information
    contact: Deborah Plutzik, PR Manager; 410-329-6216 Phone;
    410-357-5908 Fax.
    MicroProse, Sid Meier's Colonization, Sid Meier's Civilization
    II, F15 Strike Eagle,
    Pirates!, Silent Service, Sid Meier's Railroad Tycoon, and Sid
    Meier's Civilization are
    registered trademarks of Spectrum Holobyte, Inc.
    FACT: [6-20/96] Gilman Louie, chairman of SH, have relayed through a spokesperson that SH is
    negotiating with Firaxis to be its distributor.
    MY COMMENTARY: Now that's a facing saving statement...
    FACT: [6-19/96] Brian Reynolds is now signing his e-mail with
    Brian Reynolds
    Firaxis Software
    Instead of like the press release above
    Back to Top

    Origin's "Skunkworks" lured away MPS sim team?
    RUMOR: What is this rumor about EA/Origin hired away the entire
    simulations team from MPS?
    FACT: [6-8/96] It's true. EA/Origin's Janes' Combat Sim team
    (a.k.a. "Origin's Skunk Works")
    have indeed hired several members of MicroProse's sim team that was responsible for some of the
    best sims from MicroProse, including F-15 Strike Eagle III, Fleet
    Defender, and other titles. See C|Net
    article.
    According to my sources in EA/Origin, the new facility, EA East, while technically in Baltimore,
    Maryland, is only minutes away from MicroProse in Hunts Valley,
    Maryland.
    Trivia: The term "Skunkworks" came from the name of the real aircraft
    design team that produced the
    SR-71 Blackbird and the F-117A Stealth Fighter.
    Back to Top

    SH blames Internet for their troubles?
    FACT: [6-8/96] Steve Race,CEO of Spectrum HoloByte, admits that
    he had underestimated the
    power of Internet. See C|Net article. [Spelling Corrected 6-15/96] COMMENTARY: This article portrayed the net in a negative manner. Go
    read it, then write your
    comments to David Israels, the author of the article. Also visit rest
    of C|Net and give your feedback.
    Back to Top

    Where's Arnold Hendricks and Andy Hollis now?
    FACT: [5-24/96] Arnold Hendricks, who had developed many of
    MicroProse's hits, is now at
    Interactive Magic, and he will be designing iM1A2 Abrams tank
    simulator for IM.
    FACT: As for other notable former MPS employees... Andy Hollis is busy finishing up AH-64
    Longbow for EA/Origin's Jane's Division, having left before the merger
    (see history below).
    Longbow was released in mid-June. See Jane's link above for biography
    of Andy Hollis.
    Back to Top

    Ed "Air Wars" Fletcher hired by EA?
    RUMOR: [5-24/96] Ed Fletcher (head of the Air War series), who's
    probably the next highest
    designer after Jeff Briggs, Sid Meier, and Brian Reynolds, have ALSO resigned from MPS. Prior to his
    departure, he was the producer of "European Air War", sequel to
    "Pacific Air War". Rumor source
    expressed great doubt at completion of EAW.
    FACT: [6-12/96] Mr. Fletcher was hired by Electronic Arts Canada,
    according to an unnamed source,
    and is starting this week.
    [6-15/96] SH Sokesperson have confirmed Mr.Fletcher's departure, but clarifies that EAW has a new
    producer and it will be finished.
    Back to Top

    SH cannot find leader for MPS and set up committee instead?
    RUMOR: [5-24/96] Spectrum HoloByte have established an executive
    committee, of which
    Mr.Fletcher (see above) was a member. Rumor source commented that SH
    have given up the idea of
    finding someone in charge.
    FACT [6-15/96] SH spokesperson confirms that an executive committee of
    MPS employees are
    overseeing operations, but adds that SH's vice president of
    operations, "Stretch" Anderson, is in charge
    at the moment, and they haven't given up looking for one.
    MY COMMENTARY [6-18/96] Now THAT is a face-saving statement. Everyone
    who COULD take
    charge at MPS have left.
    Back to Top

    Spectrum HoloByte in financial trouble?
    FACT: [5-24/96] Spectrum HoloByte owes one of its duplicator money. I
    will not say which company
    the money is owed to, but I know the controller and the president of
    the duplicator personally. This is
    NOT an attempt at libel. I am checking with SH to see if they will
    comment on this.
    FACT: [6-12/96] "Spectrum HoloByte swimming in red ink"--Games
    Domain News
    Back to Top

    Spectrum HoloByte changing name to MicroProse?
    RUMOR: Spectrum HoloByte will announce at E3 Expo that they will
    change the name of the entire
    company to MicroProse Software, Inc.
    UPDATE: [5-14/96] Just heard from a reliable source that there will be
    no more Spectrum HoloByte
    products. All existing Spectrum HoloByte products will be relabelled MicroProse products once the
    boxes and stuff run out, and all new products will belong to
    MicroProse as well.
    FACT:: [6-8/96] Update above has been confirmed by a C|Net article.
    The rumor didn't QUITE come
    true.
    COMMENTARY:It's interesting why Spectrum HoloByte have kept its own
    name when it took over
    MicroProse in 1993. SH was not well know for its products even during
    its Tetris and Falcon days. Of
    the four developement studios under the SH/MPS banner: SH, MPS, MPS
    UK, and SimTex, three are
    already under MicroProse brand. The news above, coming on the eve of cutbacks, has the
    APPEARANCE of a face-saving gesture. Of course, it probably wasn't
    intended as such...
    Back to Top

    Presidents of MPS and MPS-UK resigned?
    FACT: Tony Parks, president of MicroProse US, and Rob Davies,
    President of MicroProse UK, have
    both resigned as of mid April. Also resigned is the head of Quality Assurance at MicroProse US. He is
    believed to have moved over to another game-related company in
    Maryland.
    Back to Top

    Jeff Briggs resigned from MPS?
    RUMOR: Jeff Briggs, one of the top producers at MicroProse who worked
    with Sid Meier on many
    bestselling MPS titles, was offered the position of Presdient,
    MicroProse US. Instead of accepting, he
    handed in his resignation as well.
    Note: It is clear that Jeff's no longer at MPS. Whether the scene
    above happened or not is the only
    thing in doubt. ALso see Jeff Brings starts Firaxis Software
    Back to Top

    Half of artists resigned from MPS?
    RUMOR: Half of the current artists at MicroProse have resigned as
    well.
    MY COMMENTARY: It is unknown how much desertion uh... migration exists
    at the lower ranks of
    MPS.
    Back to Top

    MicroProse for sale?
    RUMOR: Spectrum HoloByte, Inc. for the past few weeks was rumored to
    be attempting to sell
    MicroProse US and MicroProse UK, but have received no offers they
    would accept. The asking price
    was not known, but is expected to be several times the price SH paid
    for MPS during the
    takeover/merger, which was US$10 million (US$10,000,000.00).
    MORE RUMOR [5-28/96] Anonymous source indicated that only one offer
    was made, and it was
    made by a Sony subsidiary.
    MORE RUMOR [5-28/96] Anonymous source above also indicated that
    another company, wishing to
    make a bid, asked an independent firm to evaluate the net worth of MPS
    and SH, not counting the
    name recognition. The value was FAR BELOW expectations.
    MY COMMENTARY How much do you think just the name "MicroProse" is
    worth? SH is relying on
    brand-name recognition when it chose to relabel ALL games MicroProse.
    So if they had planned to
    sell, they wouldn't need this relabel thing. Of course, this supposed offering occured BEFORE the
    relabelling. -- This rumor is impossible to verify from SH, as SH
    officials cannot comment on
    something that could affect their stocks. In fact, I asked Mr.Louie
    this question. He just chuckled.
    Back to Top

    Sid Meier leaving MPS?
    RUMOR: Sid Meier is rumored to be leaving the company soon to form a
    new developement house
    with other former MicroProse game designers and producers, such as
    Jeff Briggs. Behind Sid, Jeff is
    probably THE producer at MicroProse.
    NOTE It is quite clear that Sid had left the company, after finishing
    his piece in Magic: The Gathering.
    Sid Meier joins Firaxis Software
    Back to Top

    SH chairman settling down MPS employees after cutbacks?
    RUMOR: MPS (Maryland) was in such an uproar after the cutbacks in
    March that both Steve Race
    (CEO) and Gilman Louie (Chairman) have to go over there weekly to
    babysit them.
    FACT: Gilman Louie, chairman of Spectrum HoloByte, is NOT at his
    Alameda, California office as of
    April 25th, 1996. According to his secretary, he has been out of the
    office almost the whole week. I
    was e-mail corresponding with him the week before and he promised to
    grant me an interview about
    the situation at MicroProse. I did get that interview later, of
    course.
    RUMOR: Unnamed sources indicate that Mr.Louie is at MicroProse US,
    which is in Maryland.
    Back to Top

    SH offers carte blanche to Brian Reynolds?
    RUMOR: Spectrum HoloByte is rumored to be offering "carte blanche" to
    Brian Reynolds,
    designer/producer of Civilization II. It is not known why this is so,
    but the expected reason is: Sid
    Meier had made up his mind to leave. Brian Reynolds quits MPS and
    joins Firaxis Software
    FACT: Brian Reynolds and the CIV2 team have released CIV2 V1.11, which
    fixes additional bugs and
    adds additional enhancements. So Brian's team is still hard at work. [6-17/96] Recently V1.11a seems
    to have popped up over the net, but this is unconfirmed.
    Back to Top

    The News that started it all: Reorganization
    FACT: Spectrum HoloByte (SH) has terminated all non-developement staff
    at MicroProse Software
    (MPS). This includes EVERYBODY (marketting, production, customer
    support, on-line support, etc.)
    that are not programmers, programming support, artists and musicians, designers, or playtesting. In
    addition, half of the playtesting department are also given the "pink
    slip" (dismissal). Spectrum
    HoloByte has taken over all of the terminated operations out of their Alameda, California office. SH
    have listed MPS's new support number on their website , which is a
    number in the 510 area code
    (Alameda).
    Back to Top
    MicroProse History
    Sorry for the little history lesson, but here goes.
    Both MPS and SH are great companies, started by gamers. SH was founded by Gilman Louie, who is best
    known for his initial Mac version of Falcon. Before that he programed several games for Apple II and C64.
    MPS on the other hand was founded on a bet. The story goes that "Wild Bill" Stealey was beating a "Red
    Baron" flight sim arcade, then out of nowhere comes this guy in glasses who then proceeds to best Bill in
    scoring. Bill asked him how did he do that, and the guy answered the game
    AI is so predictable that
    (technobabble). Bill said, if you can program a flight sim that's good I'll put up the money to market it. The
    guy agreed. That guy in glasses was Sid Meier, and MicroProse software was born.
    At the beginning, MicroProse was known for serious simulations. Their motto was "The Action is Simulated,
    the Excitement is Real!" And real it was. First game out was Hellcat Ace, a flight sim based in the World War
    II Pacific Theater. It was an instant hit. Followed soon were the landmark F-15 Strike Eagle and many other
    classics such as Red Storm Rising, M-1 Tank Platoon, Railroad Tycoon, Civilization, Gunship, and many
    more.
    Somewhere around 1989-91 MicroProse saw the boom of the arcade market and Bill Stealey convinced the
    company to try it, against popular opinion of the company, who wants to stick to computer games. The result
    were 2 games: F-15 Strike Eagle:the arcade game, and B.O.T.T.S., a robot fighting game in the millieu of
    Mechwarrior. Both are heavily 3D, and both received lukewarm to icy cold reception. The money invested in
    them are wasted.
    MicroProse, in an attempt to diversify its market of simulations and strategy games, attempted to enter
    adventure, rpg, and sci-fi markets with various entries such as "Rex Nebular" (adv), "Darklands" (rpg) and
    Lightspeed/Hyperspeed (sci-fi). None of the three were well-received. Darklands gained notoriety as being
    one of the BUGGIEST RPGs ever released, requires OBSCENE amount of conventional memory (630K+?).
    MicroProse eventually sold the adventure game engine to Santuary Woods, but MicroProse was in financial
    trouble ever since.
    Fast foward to 1993. MicroProse is in trouble, losing almost one million
    per month. The money raised in
    stock offering are almost gone, and they were short on cash. Without cash they can't pay their developers
    and workers, and without workers, no games. It was then that Spectrum HoloByte approached them with a
    bail-out/merger plan. SH will buy out/merge with MPS, and the stocks will change to Spectrum HoloByte,
    Inc. (SBYT on NASDAQ). At the time, MPS needed the money, and they
    accepted. Both Sid Meier and Bill
    Stealey joined the board of directors at SH.
    "Wild Bill" Stealey soon resigned from the board of directors at SH and
    took a year off. After that he help
    founded Interactive Magic, one of the rising stars in the simulation field, with recent titles such as Apache and
    Capitalism.
    Sid Meier stayed with MPS but didn't seem to do very much. He offered
    inputs on remakes of his classics
    such as Pirates! Gold, Railroad Tycoon Deluxe, etc. but he didn't seem to
    be working on anything new until
    MPS landed Magic:The Gathering rights and they needed something special for the solitaire game.
    One of the former MPS employees had confided in me that he knew the company was doomed when SH
    took over back in 1993, the only question is how long it would take. This attitude was shared by many other
    former MPS employees that I have contact with. All have commented that neither company seems to have an
    upper management that actually understands the computer game industry.
    Pretty sad, isn't it? MPS was one of the best places to work at back then.
    I used to want to work there. :-)
    (Now I want to work for EA or Origin, but that's another story.) Are
    mergers good or bad for the industry?
    Is there a management problem at SH? Or as many people wanted to ask, who came up with this "brilliant"
    idea?

    ========================================================================= Kasey K. S. Chang (a guy) | Paradox for Windows Programmer
    [email protected] [email protected] | Star Trek Fan General PC Expert
    http://userwww.sfsu.edu/~kschang | X-COM Guru among other things...
    =========================================================================
    good read!

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Spalls Hurgenson@21:1/5 to [email protected] on Sun Sep 24 08:57:50 2023
    On Sat, 23 Sep 2023 18:04:06 -0700 (PDT), KP2 KP2
    <[email protected]> wrote:
    On Monday, June 24, 1996 at 12:00:00?AM UTC-7, Kuo-Sheng Kasey Chang wrote:


    a.k.a., documenting the slow decline of a once great company.

    But for all their memorable, excellent titles, Microprose was losing
    money prior to their purchase (not helped by its largely unsuccessful
    foray into adventure games) by Spectrum Holobyte. SH was flush in cash
    thanks to the success of its Tetris games, so it could afford the
    purchase... but it over-extended itself and soon found itself in
    similar straits. (apparently, there were also a lot of difference in
    leadership values between the two organizations, which led to a rapid
    exodus of staff).

    Meanwhile, development costs were skyrocketing, but Spectrum Holobyte/Microprose games remained fairly niche: high-end sims,
    complex strategy games, and almost entirely on PC. They just didn't
    have the audience to break even. Spectrum (soon rebranded as
    Microprose) tried to staunch the flow by acquiring licenses to popular
    IPs (amongst others, "Top Gun" and "Star Trek") but none of this
    really helped, and eventually the company was acquired by Hasbro - who half-heartedly released a few games even as they closed a few studios
    - before passing it onto Infogrammes/Atari, where it effectively died.

    The thing is, as much as we might like to point fingers, I'm not
    really sure /anyone/ could have saved Microprose. It's games were
    awesome, but largely lacked wide-spread appeal, and the expense of
    developing games like "X-Com" or "Falcon 4.0" or "Civilization" were
    quite high. And despite its best efforts, Spectrum Holobyte was unable
    to stumble across another lucrative license like "Tetris". Being so
    heavily PC based didn't help either.

    The mid-to-late 90s saw a culling of a lot of classic PC game
    developers for a reason: developing games solely for that platform
    wasn't profitable. There just wasn't a large enough audience to keep
    up with the expense of making 'modern' games. Ten years later, when
    the Internet had exploded and EVERY household had a PC, it was a
    different story... but in the mid 90s? You needed a large audience to
    support the cost of making cutting-edge games, which meant you either
    built for consoles or made games with wide-spread appeal. Microprose
    had neither.

    Still, they did manage to pump out some great titles while they
    lasted. But great just wasn't enough...

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)